Tag Archives: antioxidant
Rhenium–platinum antitumor systems
A. V. Shtemenko1, N. I. Shtemenko2
1Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine;
2Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: n.shtemenko@i.ua
This review provides an overlook of design (in short), antitumor and other biological activity of quadruple-bonded cluster dirhenium(III) compounds and their synergism with cisplatin. In particular, we describe the work of the rhenium-platinum antitumor system (introduction of rhenium and platinum compounds). Among known metal-based anticancer drugs and drug candidates dirhenium(III) compounds differ profoundly due to their strong antiradical and antioxidant properties determined by quadruple bond unsaturation. Such advantages of metal complexes as more expressed redox chemical propertie should be exploited for creating more efficient anticancer drugs. Combination of drugs leads to synergistic effects and/or to lowering toxicity of platinides and is very promising in cancer chemotherapy. The review covers the following items: design of quadruple bonded dirhenium(III) clusters, their spectral and antiradical properties (in short); interaction of the dirhenium(III) compounds with lipids and formation of liposomes; interaction of the dirhenium(III) compounds with erythrocytes and their antihemolytic activity in the models of hemolytic anemia; anticancer activity of dirhenium clusters and work of the rhenium-platinum antitumor system; antianemic and antioxidant properties of the dirhenium(III) compounds in the model of tumor growth; interaction of the dirhenium(III) compounds with nucleobases and DNA. Some modern trends in the field of bioinorganic and medicinal chemistry are also considered regarding their connection to the rhenium-platinum system efficiency: use of combinational therapy and nanomaterials; involvement of some biologically active ligands and redox-activation strategy, etc.
Antioxidant and cerebroprotective action of N-,S-chinazolone derivative under rat brain ischemiа
Yu. I. Gubsky1, I. F. Belenichev2, С. І. Kovalenko2,
G. G. Goryushko1, N. V. Buhtiayrova2, N. V. Litvinova1,
V. C. Nikitin2, C. V. Pavlov2, L. P. Babenko1
1SI Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
2Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine;
e-mail: agor@i.ua
Under modelling of brain ischemia in rats the antioxidant and cerebroprotective action of new N-,S-chinazolone derivative – compound NC-224 has been established. The compensation of pathobiochemical abnormalities in the system “LPO-antioxidant protection” is observed, indicators of carbohydrate metabolism and energy-supply, and morpho-functional status of brain cells are improved under administration of the compound NC-224. Administration of the compound NC-224 to rats promoted a decrease of the lethality index and signs of neurological deficiency.
Functions of tocopherols in the cells of plants and other photosynthetic organisms
V. M. Mokrosnop
M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: VictoryM6@yandex.ua
Tocopherol synthesis has only been observed in photosynthetic organisms (plants, algae and some cyanobacteria). Tocopherol is synthesized in the inner membrane of chloroplasts and distributed between chloroplast membranes, thylakoids and plastoglobules. Physiological significance of tocopherols for human and animal is well-studied, but relatively little is known about their function in plant organisms. Among the best characterized functions of tocopherols in cells is their ability to scavenge and quench reactive oxygen species and fat-soluble by-products of oxidative stress. There are the data on the participation of different mechanisms of α-tocopherol action in protecting photosystem II (PS II) from photoinhibition both by deactivation of singlet oxygen produced by PS II and by reduction of proton permeability of thylakoid membranes, leading to acidification of lumen under high light conditions and activation of violaxanthin de-epoxidase. Additional biological activity of tocopherols, independent of its antioxidant functions have been demonstrated. Basic mechanisms for these effects are connected with the modulation of signal transduction pathways by specific tocopherols and, in some instances, by transcriptional activation of gene expression.