Tag Archives: leptin
Association of estrogen and progesterone receptor status and metabolic hormones with tumor progression in endometrial cancer
, , ,
1Middle Technical University, Community Health Technologies Department, Iraq;
2Department of Anesthesia Techniques, College of Health
and Medical Technologies, University of Mashreq, Baghdad, Iraq;
3Department of Pharmacy, Medical Technical Institute of Kirkuk,
Northern Technical University, Community Health Technologies Department, Iraq;
4Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Mazaya University College,
Main Laboratory Unit, Thi-Qar Health Directorate, Al Habbobi Teaching Hospital, Thi-Qar, Iraq;
*e-mail: saif.hasan@uom.edu.iq
Received: 27 February 2026; Revised: 27 April 2026;
Accepted: 29 May 2026; Available on-line: 18 June 2026
Background. It is recognized that endometrial physiology and carcinogenesis depend on the balance of estrogen and progesterone. Eхpression status of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors has been utilized clinically as a prognostic predictor of endometrial cancer (EC). Nevertheless there is growing evidence that insulin resistance and changes in adipokine secretory system are also important risk factor of EC. Objective. To investigate the association between tumor estrogen and progesterone receptors expression combined with metabolic hormone serum levels and tumor progression in patients with endometrial cancer. Methods. The study included 100 patients with endometrial cancer patients and 50 age-matched healthy controls. Serum estradiol, progesterone, insulin, leptin and adiponectin were analyzed with a chemiluminescent immunoassay. Tumor tissue samples were stained using monoclonal antibodies against ER and PR with a standard streptavidin-biotin method. Nuclear staining ≥10% was considered positive. Results. It was shown that the majority of the tumors were ER-positive (68%) and PR-positive (54%) while 27% were double-negative. Serum estradiol, leptin, and insulin levels were significantly higher in advanced-stage patients, while progesterone and adiponectin levels were significantly lower compared to early-stage patients. Correlation and regression results showed that the independent variables that predicted tumor progression were ER and PR negativity, high estradiol, high leptin, and low adiponectin. Conclusions. The loss of ER/PR expression and a metabolic hormonal imbalance – characterized by elevated levels of estradiol and leptin and reduced levels of adiponectin – are closely associated with the progression of endometrial cancer. These changes may contribute to proliferative signaling pathways and inflammatory processes, leading to increased tumor aggressiveness and disease progression.
Leptin and curcumin affect renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via modulation of P65 and Bax genes expression
M. M. Ragy1, M. M. Ramzy2*
1Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Misr-Aswan Road, Egypt;
2Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Misr-Aswan Road, Egypt;
*e-mail: maggiemaher24@gmail.com
Received: 01 June 2020; Accepted: 17 December 2020
Ischemia and reperfusion are natural steps during kidney transplantation, and ischemia-reperfusion injury is a critical condition in which physicians must preserve organ function and control cell damage. As leptin is thought to play an important role in the regulation of the immune system and inflammation and curcumin is a potent anti-fibrotic agent, both agents are promising to have therapeutic impact on renal damage. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of leptin and curcumin on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: control; ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), leptin-treated (leptin was injected intraperitoneally at a dose 100 μg/kg for 3 days prior to ischemia) and curcumin-treated (curcumin was given orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days before ischemia). All rats were sacrificed 24 hours after reperfusion. Serum urea and creatinine, renal malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity were measured. Renal TNF-α was assayed by ELISA and P65 and Bax mRNA expression were determined using RT-PCR. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in P65 and Bax mRNA expression after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury compared to control group. Both leptin and curcumin prevented oxidative damage of the renal tissues as they lowered MDA and nitric oxide levels, increased antioxidant capacity and decreased TNF-α level. It was shown that protective leptin and curcumin effect against kidney IR-induced oxidative injury was associated with a down-regulation of P65 and Bax expression. These results show that ischemia-reperfusion leads to renal damage and also they reveal that both leptin and curcumin have protective implications which may be promising agents for avoiding various adverse effects.