Tag Archives: anthocyanins
Gamma-aminobutyric acid modulates antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in seedlings of Triticum aestivum cultivars differing in drought tolerance
Yu. E. Kolupaev1,2,3*, I. V. Shakhov1,3, A. I. Kokorev1,
L. Kryvoruchko2, T. O. Yastreb1,4
1Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv;
*e-mail: plant_biology@ukr.net;
2Poltava State Agrarian University, Poltava, Ukraine;
3State Biotechnological University, Kharkiv, Ukraine;
4Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Received: 28 August 2023; Revised: 30 September 2023;
Accepted: 27 October 2023; Available on-line: 06 November 2023
The stress-protective effects of plant neurotransmitters, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been intensively examined in recent years. However, studies on the GABA influence on stress protective systems in bread wheat cultivars with different drought adaptation strategies are still lacking. The aim of this work was to estimate the GABA effect on the state of antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in etiolated seedlings of two wheat cultivars differing significantly in drought tolerance, namely Doskonala (non-drought-resistant) and Tobak (drought-resistant) under model drought induced by PEG 6000. Two-day-old seedlings were transferred to 15% PEG 6000 and incubated for two days in the absence or presence of GABA. Treatment with 0.1 and 0.5 mM GABA significantly reduced the growth-inhibitory effect of PEG 6000 on the roots and shoots of both cultivars, but to a greater extent on those of non-resistant Doskonala. It was shown that GABA treatment reduced drought-induced accumulation of H2O2 and MDA, stabilized SOD and GPX activity, the level of sugars, anthocyanins and flavonoids in seedlings of both cultivars. Meanwhile GABA treatment enhanced the stress-induced increase in proline content in the Doskonala cultivar, but decreased it in the Tobak, completely prevented stress induced decrease in anthocyanins and flavonoids level in the Tobak and only partially in Doskonala cultivar. Thus, the stabilization of the stress-protective systems functioning in the wheat cultivars and variety-dependent differences in response to GABA were revealed.
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and anthocyanin content in different varieties of lettuce under the cadmium influence
O. I. Kosyk, I. M. Khomenko, L. M. Batsmanova, N. Yu. Taran
Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv;
e-mail: i.m.homenko@gmail.com
Cadmium ions influence on the content of anthocyanins as non-plastid pigments and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.24) as primary enzyme of their biosynthesis in two lettuce varieties (Lactuca sativa L.) with different anthocyanin content was investigated. The increases in anthocyanin content and enzymatic activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase of both lettuce plant varieties during the 14-day exposure in solution of cadmium nitrate (0.1 mmol) were established. The difference in levels of adaptive capacity in two lettuce varieties with different content of anthocyanins under the effect of cadmium ions was revealed. The indexes of tolerance have shown faster adaptive response and higher resistance in red variety plants, compared with plants of the green lettuce variety. These data are consistent with the corresponding changes in anthocyanins content and indicate their active participation in neutralizing the negative impact of cadmium stress.