Tag Archives: necrosis
Prednisolone and vitamin D(3) modulate oxidative metabolism and cell death pathways in blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells
I. O. Shymanskyy, O. O. Lisakovska, A. O. Mazanova,
D. O. Labudzynskyi, A. V. Khomenko, M. M. Veliky
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ishymansk@inbox.ru
The study was designed to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS)/nitric oxide (NO) formation and apoptotic/necrotic cell death elicited by prednisolone in peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells and to define the efficacy of vitamin D3 to counter glucocorticoid (GC)-induced changes. It was shown that prednisolone (5 mg per kg of female Wistar rat’s body weight for 30 days) evoked ROS and NO overproduction by blood mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) that correlated with increased cell apoptosis and necrosis. In contrast, prednisolone did not affect ROS/NO levels in bone marrow mononuclear cells that corresponded to lower level of cell death than in the control. Alterations of prooxidant processes revealed in mononuclear cells and associated with GC action were accompanied by vitamin D3 deficiency in animals, which was assessed by the decreased level of blood serum 25-hydroxivitamin D3 (25OHD3). Vitamin D3 administration (100 IU per rat daily for 30 days, concurrently with prednisolone administration) completely restored 25OHD3 content to the control values and significantly reversed ROS and NO formation in blood mononuclear cells, thus leading to decreased apoptosis. In bone marrow, vitamin D3 activated ROS/NO production and protein nitration that may play a role in prevention of prednisolone-elicited increase in bone resorption. We conclude that vitamin D3 shows a profound protection against GC-associated cellular damage through regulating intracellular ROS/NO formation and cell death pathways.
Effects of α-tocopherol and its anologues on rat thymocytes programmed death induced by protein kinase inhibitors
G. V. Petrova, N. V. Delemenchuk, G. V. Donchenko
Palladin Institute of Вiochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: petrova@biochem.kiev.ua
It is established that α-tocopherol (α-ТPh) shows cytoprotective effect at the induction of rats’ thymocytes apoptosis by endocellular protein kinase inhibitors – staurosporine and phorbol ether in high concentration, and also on necrosis of the cells caused by sphyngosine. The effect of α-ТPh on thymocytes death caused by protein phosphatase type 2А inhibitor ocadaic acid is much less expressed. The obtained data testify that the known ability of α-ТPh to the inhibition of PKC and to the activation of protein phosphatase type 2А is not the main mechanism of its cytoprotective action. Partial reproduction of α-ТPh effects by its analogue α-tocopheryl acetate which is not capable to enter in redox reactions, and the absence of influence on the studied processes of an antioxidant of N-acetyl-L-cysteine do not confirm the antioxidant mechanism of α-ТPh action in this case. The inhibition by α-ТPh of the release of cytochrome c in the cytosol of cells testifies to the implementation of its cytoprotective effect at the level of mitochondrial membranes. We assume the existence of the universal mechanism of α-ТPh cytoprotective action that does not depend on the nature of apoptogenes and realized on the general for the majority of them stage of the cells death induction. The prevention by α-ТPh of mitochondria dysfunction by stabilizing mitochondrial membranes and reduction of their permeabilization is supposed as that.