O. H. Minchenko, A. P. Kharkova, T. V. Bakalets, I. V. Kryvdiuk

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ominchenko@yahoo.com

Hypoxia is one of the inductors of the expression of a large group of genes, which control glycolysis and proliferation processes in low oxygen conditions or as a result of low oxygen consumption. Moreover, hypoxia is one of the factors which induce the endoplasmic reticulum stress which, like hypoxia, is an obligatory component of malignant tumor growth and is connected with cytoplasm and nuclei through three sensor and signalling systems: PERK, ATF6 та ERN1. The suppression of ERN1, the main sensing and signalling enzyme of endoplasmic reticulum stress, leads to a decrease of tumor growth and changes the character of hypoxic regulation of many genes responsible for the control of proliferation and glycolysis. ERN1 sensing­ and signalling system controls the expression of a large set of genes, which are dependent on endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as hypoxia. Moreover, this signalling pathway is an important factor of malignant tumor growth.