Tag Archives: glutathione transferase
Oxidative stress and the enzyme system of aldehyde catabolism in the muscle mitochondria of immobilized pubertal rats
Amjad Hamdallah1, V. V. Davydov2, V. N. Shvets3
1V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine;
2SU Institute of Children and Adolescent Health Care, National Academy
of Medical Science of Ukraine;
3Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine;
e-mail: vaddavydov@mail.ru
The aim of the work is to find out peculiarities in manifestation of oxidative stress and to determine activity of enzymes, responsible for utilization of endogenous aldehydes in the mitochondrial fraction of the skeletal (femoral) muscle in pubertal rats during immobilization stress. Our study has shown that differently directed changes in the activity of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenases and aldehyde reductases occur in the pubertal immobilized rats, that limits the catabolism effectiveness as regards carbonyl products of free radical oxidation in the muscle cells. Corroboration of the effect under consideration is an increased level of protein free radical oxidation products in the mitochondria of the skeletal muscle. On the basis of the obtained data the authors draw a conclusion about an increased sensitivity of the skeletal muscle to the oxidative stress impact due to modulation in the state of enzyme system, responsible for utilization of endogenous aldehydes in the mitochondria.
State of antioxidant system of rat thymocytes in experimental ulcerogenesis
V. A. Kovaleva, L. M. Gaida, A. E. Shevchenko, D. V. Shelest, L. I. Ostapchenko
Educational and Scientific Centre Institute of Biology,
Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Ukraine;
e-mail: vikikov@univ.kiev.ua
Features of free radical processes and their impact on the implementation of immunocompetent cells of their functions under conditions of peptic ulcer are insufficiently studied today. Reduced activity of catalase 1.7 and 3.4 times and that of glutathione peroxidise ~ 2.0 times, accordingly, were observed in both models of gastric ulceration (stress ulcer and ethanol one). Enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase decreased 1.5 times and activity of glutathione transferase increased 1.8 times in the stress model in contrast to the ethanol model of stomach ulcer. Obtained results indicate the exhaustion of antioxidant system in rats’ thymocytes under experimental ulcerogenesis. These data confirm complex negative effect of ulcer on the organism.
Structure and functions of glutathione transferases
O. M. Fedets
Stepan Gzhytskyi Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Ukraine;
e-mail: olehfedets@gmail.com
Data about classification, nomenclature, structure, substrate specificity and role of many glutathione transferase’s isoenzymes in cell functions have been summarised. The enzyme has been discovered more than 50 years ago. This family of proteins is updated continuously. It has very different composition and will have demand for system analysis for many years.