Tag Archives: interleukins
Cytokine profile of kidneys in rats with experimental hyperhomocysteinemia
A. S. Serbin, T. V. Koval*, O. I. Kharchenko,
L. I. Kot, T. R. Andriichuk
Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: kovaltanya@knu.uat
Received: 19 January 2026; Revised: 29 January 2026;
Accepted: 03 April 2026; Available on-line: 21 April 2026
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a systemic metabolic disorder known to impair renal function. The kidneys play a crucial role in homocysteine (Hcy) clearance from the bloodstream and represent a key location for Hcy-related metabolic disturbances. A principal mechanism underlying Hcy-induced injury of renal tissue is inflammation, however, the age-related renal cytokine profile under HHcy conditions remains insufficiently characterized. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the kidneys of rats of different ages with experimental HHcy. The study was performed on nonlinear male rats divided into groups of young (one-month-old) and adult (six-month-old) animals with HHcy as well as control animals of the same age. HHcy was induced by the daily intragastric administration of D,L-homocysteine thiolactone (200 mg·kg-1 body weight) for eight weeks. At the end of the experimental period, the kidneys were excised for homogenate preparation. The levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were determined using ELISA. The renal level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased in both age groups of rats with HHcy relative to control values. In young rats with HHcy, increased renal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were found, while in adult rats with HHcy, decreased renal levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to the age-matched control group were observed. These findings indicate that HHcy induces renal cytokine profile alterations that depend on the age of the animals.
Inflammatory cytokines profile and oxidative stress markers in the serum of albino rats injected with macrophage migration inhibitory factor
N. T. Guliyeva1, S. V. Guliyeva2*, R. A. Akhundov2,
N. R. Jabbarova3, T. A. Eyvazov2
1Department of Cytology, Embryology and Histology,
Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan;
2Research Center, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan;
3Department of Health Care Organization,
Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan;
*e-mail: quliyevasevda789@gmail.com
Received: 09 July 2025; Revised: 28 August 2025;
Accepted: 28 November 2025; Available on-line: 23 December 2025
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the regulation of inflammation, immune responses, and redox homeostasis. However, its metabolic effects in experimental models remain insufficiently characterized. The aim of the work was to estimate the effect of recombinant MIF on cytokines profile, antioxidant defense markers and LPO indicators at different time points following its single intraperitoneal administration to albino rats. Animals were divided into a control group (n = 20) and three experimental groups (n = 10 each) assessed in 2, 3, and 14 days after MIF administration (10 µg/kg of b.w.), respectively. Serum samples were analyzed for IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-4, antioxidant markers and LPO products levels by ELISA and standard biochemical assays. It was shown that MIF administration induced time-dependent pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant effects. Early compensatory anti-inflammatory responses were marked by increased IL-10 and decreased IL-6 levels. However, at the later stages (days 3 and 14), IL-6 and TNF-α elevation, along with IL-4 suppression, indicated a shift toward chronic inflammation. Antioxidant parameters progressively declined, with maximal suppression observed on day 14. Concurrently, a significant accumulation of LPO products confirmed sustained oxidative stress and membrane damage. These findings underscore the potential of MIF as a pharmacological target for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and metabolic disorders.
Antioxidant status and glutathione redox potential of erythrocytes in patients with acute coronary syndrome
I. V. Buko1, L. Z. Polonetsky1, A. G. Mrochek1, A. G. Moiseenok2
1Republican Scientific-Practical Center Cardiology, Minsk;
e-mail: buko_iv@rambler.ru;
2Scientific-Practical Center for Foodstuffs,
National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk
Indicators of oxidative stress (OS), systemic inflammation, metabolism and redox status of glutathione (GSH) were investigated and compared in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction on electrocardiograms (STEMI), and patients with unstable angina (UA). The elevated and decreased myeloperoxidase level, superoxide dismutase activity, and moderate increased plasma levels of interleukin-6, while maintaining the antioxidant potential, were found in Group 1. Disorders in pro-/antioxidant balance and systemic inflammatory response were manifested in UA. Increased GSH concentration (and total GSH) in erythrocytes has been established for STEMI patients and the decreased GSH for UA patients. Thus, a significant shift of erythrocytes redox to oxidization and increase (unlike STEMI patients) of glutathione peroxidase activity were recorded. Mechanisms of the pro- and antioxidant functions of red blood cells in acute coronary syndrome are considered. The role of red blood cell glutathione to provide more oxidized intravascular environment for S-glutathionylation and optimization of redox signaling in target cells is pronounced.