Tag Archives: malignant tumors

Scientific and practical activity of the Department of Molecular Biology of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine

R. P. Vynogradova, M. V. Grigorieva, V. M. Danilova

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: valdan@biochem.kiev.ua

The present paper gives a detailed analysis of scientific and practical activity of the Department of Molecular Biology of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine in the context of the history of its development. The most important results of the research of molecular mechanisms of regulation of glycolysis and gene expression in malignant tumors upon hypoxia; identification of key transcription factors of the regulation of proliferation and the role of alternative splicing in the regulation of the activity of the different PFKFB isoforms are reported. In recent years, the efforts of the department’s staff have been focused on studying the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the regulation of metabolism and proliferation processes at the level of gene expression in genome reprogramming. The obtained results allow to establish the molecular bases­ of pathogenesis of various diseases and to develop new effective methods for their diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress, its sensor and signalling systems and the role in regulation of gene expression at malignant tumor growth and hypoxia

O. H. Minchenko, A. P. Kharkova, T. V. Bakalets, I. V. Kryvdiuk

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ominchenko@yahoo.com

Hypoxia is one of the inductors of the expression of a large group of genes, which control glycolysis and proliferation processes in low oxygen conditions or as a result of low oxygen consumption. Moreover, hypoxia is one of the factors which induce the endoplasmic reticulum stress which, like hypoxia, is an obligatory component of malignant tumor growth and is connected with cytoplasm and nuclei through three sensor and signalling systems: PERK, ATF6 та ERN1. The suppression of ERN1, the main sensing and signalling enzyme of endoplasmic reticulum stress, leads to a decrease of tumor growth and changes the character of hypoxic regulation of many genes responsible for the control of proliferation and glycolysis. ERN1 sensing­ and signalling system controls the expression of a large set of genes, which are dependent on endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as hypoxia. Moreover, this signalling pathway is an important factor of malignant tumor growth.