Tag Archives: NF-κB
Influence of NF-κB on the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress in the liver of rats under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication
A. O. Mykytenko1*, O. Ye. Akimov2, G. A. Yeroshenko3, K. S. Neporada1
1Department of Bioorganic and Biological Chemistry,
Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine;
2Department of Pathophysiology, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine;
3Department of Medical Biology, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine;
*e-mail: mykytenkoandrej18@gmail.com
Received: 05 October 2022; Revised: 15 December 2022;
Accepted: 17 February 2023; Available on-line: 27 February 2023
Alcohol-related liver disease is the most common cause of liver disease worldwide. The purpose of this work is the establishment of the influence of the transcription factor κB on the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress in the liver of rats under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication. The experiments were performed on 24 male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals: control; animals, which were administered NF-κB inhibitor, namely ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) at a dose of 76 mg/kg 3 times a week; animals, on which we simulated alcoholic hepatitis and group of combination of alcoholic hepatitis and NF-κB inhibitor. We determined in rat liver homogenate the following biochemical parameters: the activity of NO synthase isoforms, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, the concentration of malonic dialdehyde, the concentration of peroxynitrite, nitrites and nitrosothiols, concentration of sulfide anion and superoxide anion radical production. Chronic alcohol intoxication led to increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on the background of decreased antioxidant activity, thus intensifying lipid peroxidation in the liver. Blockade of the transcription factor κB during chronic alcohol intoxication despite an increase in antioxidant activity and decrease of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production did not ameliorate oxidative damage to the liver. Blockade of activation of nuclear transcription factor κB in rat liver by PDTC reduced the risk of oxidative damage to hepatocytes, but did not reduce the risk of developing nitrosative damage to hepatocytes.
Expression of antioxidant enzymes genes in the liver and cardiac tissues of rats under L-carnitine administration and high-intensity interval exercise training
B. Shahouzehi1,2, Y. Masoumi-Ardakani3, S. Aminizadeh3, H. Nasri2*
1Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
2Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
3Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
*e-mail: dr_hrnasri@yahoo.com
Received: 29 September 2020; Accepted: 07 July 2021
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced in the body both in normal and pathological processes and can alter cell redox and affect cell functions. Exercise training is able to modulate oxidant/antioxidants balance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate expression of antioxidant enzymes genes in the liver and cardiac tissues of rats that performed high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and received L-carnitine (LCAR). Thirty-two male Wistar rats were were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 8) as follows: 1. Untreated control; 2. The group that received LCAR (200 mg/kg/day i.p.); 3. The group that performed HIIT on a readmill (5 days/week for 4 weeks); 4. The group that received LCAR and performed HIIT. At the end of the study, liver and cardiac tissues were excised and used to quantify glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and NF-κB genes expression by real-time PCR. It was found that both in LCAR and HIIT groups GPX, SOD and NF-κB (P < 0.01) expression in cardiac and liver tissues was significantly increased compared to the indices in the control group. In LCAR-HIIT group SOD and NF-κB expression in the liver was significantly increased compared to the group that received LCAR only (P = 0.046). Our results showed that LCAR supplementation is useful to improve oxidative status in cardiac and liver tissues of rat during exercise training.
Biochemical aspects of the combined use of taxanes, irradiation and other antineoplastic agents for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
V. M. Pushkarev, O. I. Kovzun, V. V. Pushkarev, B. B. Guda, M. D. Tronko
SI V. P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: pushkarev.vm@gmail.com
The review summarizes the results of the cycle of own research and literature data on biochemical mechanisms of combined action of taxanes with γ-irradiation and other antineoplastic agents on one of the most aggressive types of human cancer – anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Antagonistic interplay between taxanes and irradiation at the level of apoptotic mechanisms and regulators of the cell cycle are discussed. The effectiveness and prospects of using low concentrations of taxanes and low doses of fractional γ-irradiation are substantiated. Attention is paid to the role of inflammation and its key factor – NF-κB in the genesis of thyroid carcinomas and their treatment. Directions for further research are outlined.