Tag Archives: kidneys
Cytokine profile of kidneys in rats with experimental hyperhomocysteinemia
A. S. Serbin, T. V. Koval*, O. I. Kharchenko,
L. I. Kot, T. R. Andriichuk
Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: kovaltanya@knu.uat
Received: 19 January 2026; Revised: 29 January 2026;
Accepted: 03 April 2026; Available on-line: April 2026
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a systemic metabolic disorder known to impair renal function. The kidneys play a crucial role in homocysteine (Hcy) clearance from the bloodstream and represent a key location for Hcy-related metabolic disturbances. A principal mechanism underlying Hcy-induced injury of renal tissue is inflammation, however, the age-related renal cytokine profile under HHcy conditions remains insufficiently characterized. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the kidneys of rats of different ages with experimental HHcy. The study was performed on nonlinear male rats divided into groups of young (one-month-old) and adult (six-month-old) animals with HHcy as well as control animals of the same age. HHcy was induced by the daily intragastric administration of D,L-homocysteine thiolactone (200 mg·kg-1 body weight) for eight weeks. At the end of the experimental period, the kidneys were excised for homogenate preparation. The levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were determined using ELISA. The renal level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased in both age groups of rats with HHcy relative to control values. In young rats with HHcy, increased renal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were found, while in adult rats with HHcy, decreased renal levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to the age-matched control group were observed. These findings indicate that HHcy induces renal cytokine profile alterations that depend on the age of the animals.
The liver and kidneys biochemical indices at the experimental pancreatitis in case of the administration of nitric oxide synthesis modulators and recombinant superoxide dismutase
O. Z. Yaremchuk, K. A. Posokhova
SHEI «I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University», Ukraine;
e-mail: yaremchukolya@rambler.ru
The rats liver and kidneys function indices were studied in case of administration of recombinant superoxide dismutase drug, precursor of nitric oxide L-arginine and the blocker of inducible NO-synthase aminoguanidine. The disturbances in functioning of prooxidant-antioxidant system (a decrease of activity of superoxide dismutase, katalaze, amount of restored glutathione, growth of the level of hydroperoxide lipids, TBA-active products), mitochondrial electron-transport pathways (a decrease in activity of succinatedehydrogenaze, cytochrome oxydaze), a rise of nitrite-anion level in the liver and kidneys, increase of α-amylase activity and tumor necrosis factor α serum concentration were established on the model of pancreas injury in white male rats. Under these circumstances aminoguanidine attenuated the oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys due to normalization of nitric oxide synthesis. The ability to activate the antioxidant system was proved by combined usage of recombinant superoxide dismutase and aminoguanidine. It was determined that recombinant superoxide dismutase partially decreases the negative influence of L-arginine and improves the biochemical indices of the liver and kidneys function in rats with acute experimental pancreatitis.
Changes of the state of rat kidneys under Guerin carcinoma development and use of cytostatics
S. A. Babiy1, T. F. Loskutova2, N. I. Shtemenko1
1Oles Gonchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Ukraine;
2Dnipropetrovsk State Medical Acadamy, Ukraine;
e-mail: babiy_s@meta.ua
It was shown that development of the Guerin carcinoma and introduction of cisplatin led to the damage of the kidneys of rats that was confirmed by a relative increase of weight, proteinuria, change of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase activity in the urea and tissue homogenates of the kidneys, by a decrease of relative reabsorption and glomerular filtration. Introduction of nanoliposomal forms of the rhenium cluster compounds led to normalization of above mentioned diagnostic indexes and to reduction of the toxic cisplatin influence that was confirmed by biochemical and morphological investigations.
Activity of antioxidant enzymes of the rat kidneys under mercury dichloride effect
A. Ya. Velyka, V. P. Pishak, I. V. Lopushynska
Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine;
e-mail: velyka.alla@bk.ru
Salts of heavy metals are excreted by the kidneys and, as pro-oxidants, stimulate the processes of free radical oxidation. Mercury ions are accumulated in the kidneys. So the study of the features of antioxidant enzymes adaptive response of different kidney layers in response to mercury dichloride is important. Catalase and glytathionperoxidase activity within rat kidneys 72 hours after mercury dichloride intoxication in the ratio of 5 ml per 1 kg of the animal weight was studied. It was important to reveal the influence of the mercury salts on rat kidney antioxidative system. Decreasing glytathionperoxidase activity in cortical and cerebral substances and renal papillae were accompanied by increased contents of oxidative modified proteins and lipids and morphological changes in renal tissue under salt and water loading after mercury dichloride poisoning. The results obtained evidence for the inhibition of antioxidative protection of enzymes in rat kidneys under the mercury dichloride effect.