Tag Archives: liver
Generation of superoxide anion-radical in the liver monooxygenase system of preliminary radiation-exposed tumor-bearing rats
М. М. Marchenko, O. V. Ketsa
Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine;
e-mail: ketsa80@mail.ru
Generation of superoxide anion-radical (O2•-) in reductase and oxygenase electron-transport chains in the liver monooxygenase system was investigated in tumor-bearing rats exposed to preliminary irradiation. Preliminary irradiation of rats (before transplantation of Guerin’s carcinoma) resulted in the increased generation of superoxide anion-radical by components of the liver monooxygenase system in the logarithmic phase of oncogenesis.
It is shown that the increased NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activity is accompanied with the intensification of superoxide anion-radical generation in liver microsomal fraction of preliminary radiation-exposed rats. At the same time the cytochrome P-450 hydroxylase activity in the microsomal fraction of tumor-bearing rats subjected to preliminary irradiation was decreased.
Antitoxical effects of N-stearoylethanolamine in suspension and in nanocomposite complex in the organs of mice with the Lewis carcinoma under doxorubicin administration
I. A. Goudz1, N. M. Gula1, T. O. Khmel1, T. M. Goridko1, Y. M. Bashta1,
R. R. Panchuk2, R. S. Stoika2, A. A. Ryabtseva3, O. S. Zaichenko3
1Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ngula@biochem.kiev.ua;
2Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;
3National University Lviv Politekhnika, Ukraine
The antioxidant effects of N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) in the nanocomplex composition and in suspension are shown on the model of intoxication by doxorubicin in conditions of development of the Lewis carcinoma in the heart, kidneys and liver tissue and in the blood plasma of female mice. The NSE suspension reduces the level of urea in the blood plasma of mice with the Lewis carcinoma, which growth was revealed as a result of introduction of doxorubicin. Under introduction of nanocomplex the amount of urea remains at the level of that in the intact mice. In the blood plasma of mice with the Lewis carcinoma the NSE suspension and nanocomplex reduce activity of aspartate aminotransferase, the basic marker of necrosis of the heart tissue, growth of which was caused by the tumour development. Doxorubicinum increases activity of alanine aminotransferase, the marker of the liver lesion; introduction of NSE in the nanocomplex composition prevents the growth of the enzyme activity. N-stearoylethanolamine, both in the nanocomplex and in suspension, modulates activity of enzymes of antioxidantive protection of the heart, kidney and liver tissue of mice with the Lewis carcinoma.
Activity of enzymatic detoxification systems in the mice liver under conditions of different retinoid provision
М. M. Marchenko, G. P. Kopylchuk, I. O. Shmarakov, I. M. Buchkovska
Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine;
e-mail: ivannabuchkovska@mail.ru
The activity of cellular components of liver detoxification system was studied under the conditions of the absence of vitamin A stores. It is shown that a decrease of p-hydroxylase and N-demethylase activity of cytochrome P-450 simultaneously with a decrease of glutathione-S-transferase activity takes place in the liver microsomal fraction of vitamin A-deficient animals. At the same time the absence of retinoid stores in knock-out animals influences the decrease of only p-hydroxylase activity of cytochrome P-450 system. The increase in glutathione-S-transferase activity is observed in the liver postmicrosomal fraction in mice, kept on vitamin A-deficient diet, while its parametres in knock-out group animals were not statistically different compared to the control.
Alterations of prooxidant-antioxidant system of rat liver at ethanol and tetracycline action
Kh. Yu. Nedoshytko
I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ukraine;
e-mail: khrystynan@ukr.net
The state of antioxidant system and fatty acid composition of lipids in the liver tissues of rats of different sex at the ethanol and tetracycline action and at the influence of biologically active additives (BAA) “Alpha + Omega” at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg b.w. per os was investigated. It was found that the contet of lipid peroxidation products in the liver was increased at the action of 40 % ethanol at a dose of 7 ml/kg b.w. per os and tetracycline – 500 mg/kg and more profound at their joint using. However, the content of diene conjugates was stronger increased in the liver of females at the action of ethanol, while in the liver of males at the action of tetracycline (Р < 0.05). It was shown that the application of the investigated compounds led to the reduction of an antioxidant defense system activity of males and females liver, as evidenced by the decrease of superoxide dismutase activity by 46 and 43% and reduction of glutathione content by 39 and 38% (Р < 0.05). The activity of alanineaminotransferase, aspartateaminotransferase and alkalinephosphatase was increased in the liver of males and females under the influence of ethanol and tetracycline and more profound at their joint usage (Р < 0.05). It was established that ethanol and tetracycline unidirectionally changed fatty acid composition of total lipids of rat liver, but at the ethanol action the changes were more expressed in females while at the tetracycline action in males. The application during 14 days of BAA “Alpha + Omega” to male and female rats with an acute tetracycline damage at subacute ethanol action led to partial normalization of prooxidant-antioxidant system and the relative content of total lipids fatty acids of the liver of both sexes animals.
Influence of oxidative stress on the level of genes expression TGFB1 and HGF in rat liver upon long-term gastric hypochlorhydria and administration of multiprobiotic Symbiter
K. O. Dvorshchenko, O. O. Bernyk, A. S. Dranitsina, S. A. Senin, L. I. Ostapchenko
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
e-mail: k21037@gmail.com
Free-radical processes upon long-term omeprazole-induced gastric hypochlorhydria in the rat liver were researched. Intensification of oxidative processes in the liver tissue upon gastric hypoacid state was established: overproduction of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, the quantitative changes of lipid functional groups, increased level of lipid peroxidation products, and augmentation of xanthine oxidase activity. The expression of Tgfb1 gene increased, while the expression of Hgf gene was not detected upon long-term suppression of gastric acid secretion of hydrochloric acid by omeprazole that indicated possible development of liver fibrosis. Abovementioned parameters were only partially restored to control values in the case of simultaneous administration of multiprobiotic “Symbiter® acidophilic” concentrated with omeprazole, thus indicating the ability of this preparation to counteract the development of oxidative damages in liver tissues upon long-term gastric hypoacidic conditions.
Activity of NAD•H-generating enzymes and cytochrome content in mitochondria from rat liver and myocardium under artificial hypobiosis
S. D. Melnychuk, S. V. Khyzhnyak, V. S. Morozova, V. M. Voitsitsky
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: director@quality.ua
The modification particularities of the structural and functional state of the inner mitochondrial membrane of the rat liver and myocardium were observed in conditions of artificial hypobiosis, which was created using hypoxic and hypercapnic gas medium with a body temperature reduction. Under the artificial hypobiosis the activity of NAD·H-generating enzymes of the Krebs cycle of the liver mitochondria decreases. The established changes of the enzymes activity and cytochromes content of the inner mitochondrial membrane indicate the decrease of the oxidative activity of a respiratory chain, that can be limited on a terminal (cytochrome c oxidase) site and leads to the decrease (by 49% at an average) of the H+-ATPase activity of the liver mitochondria. Under the artificial hypobiosis the detected increase of the succinate-KoQ-oxidoreductase activity (by 65% at average) causes the maintaining of the functional activity of a mitochondrial respiratory chain, considering the high (relative to control) cytochrome c oxidase and H+-ATPase activities of the mitochondria of the rats’ myocardium. The structural changes of the inner mitochondrial membrane of the liver and myocardium in experimental conditions are accompanied by the increase of hydrophobicity of tryptophan residues microenvironment and the intramolecular modifications of protein molecules.
Effect of dihydropyrrol and maleimide derivatives on the state of the liver and colon in normal rats and those with colorectal carcinogenesis induced by dimethylhydrazine
H. M. Kuznietsova, O. V. Lynchak, M. O. Danylov, I. P. Kotlyar, V. K. Rybalchenko
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
e-mail: gala_kuznetsova@rambler.ru
No liver and colon alterations in rats, caused by cytostatic compounds 5-amino-4-(1,3-benzothyazol-2-yl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2-dihydro-3Н-pyrrol-3-one (D1) and 1-(4-Cl-benzyl)-3-Cl-4-(CF3-phenylamino)-1H-pyrrol-2,5-dione (MI-1) when administered over a long time were found, as evidenced by the histopathological data and the data of activity of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in the blood serum. D1 and MI-1 in vivo decrease the total area of DMH-induced colon tumors in rats by 46-60%. Furthermore, D1 and MI-1 partially protect the liver and colon mucosa from toxic effects caused by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) reducing DNA oxidative modifications, as evidenced by urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine level. The effects of both compounds are similar, but MI-1 is less toxic for the liver and colon of intact animals possessing more pronounced antitumor activity and protective properties in the setting of chemically induced carcinogenesis.
Activity and isozyme content of lactate dehydrogenase under long-term oral taurine administration to rats
R. D. Ostapiv1,2, S. L. Humenyuk2, V. V. Manko1
1Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine;
2SSRCI of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine;
e-mail: romostapiv@gmail.com; vvmanko@lnu.edu.ua
The effect of long-term oral taurine administration to rats on activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), its isozyme content and activity in the whole blood, liver, thigh muscle, brain and testes tissues were studied in the present work. For this purpose male Wistar rats with body weight 190–220 g were randomly divided into three groups, they were orally administered drinking water (control group) or taurine solution 40 and 100 mg per kg of body weight ( groups I and II, respectively). The total lactate dehydrogenase activity was measured spectrophotometrically, the percentage content of isozymes was determined by electrophoresis in 7.5% poliacrylamide gel with further staining according to J. Garbus. It was found that the total lactate dehydrogenase activity increased in all studied tissues. In testes of animals of both groups and in brain of group I animals, the total percentage contents of isozymes that are responsible for lactate production (LDH4+LDH5) increased. In liver of animals of both groups and in whole blood of group II animals, the total percentage content of isozymes that produce pyruvate (LDH1+LDH2) increased. In thigh muscle of both groups and in brain of group II animals the balance between LDH1+LDH2 and LDH4+LDH5 content did not differ from control values, though total lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher, than that in the control group. Thus, the increase in the lactate dehydrogenase activity under long-term oral taurine administration in different rat tissues was found to be tissue- and dose-dependent and was caused by the increase in the content of different isozymes. Such increase in group I animals might be explained by adaptive mechanisms to hypoxia caused by high doses of taurine. For group II animals high doses of taurine were toxic and directly affected metabolic processes in the animal bodies.
The effect of N-stearoylethanolamine on cholesterol content, fatty acid composition and protein carbonylation level in rats with alimentary obesity-induced insulin resistance
O. V. Onopchenko, G. V. Kosiakova, E. F. Meged,
V. M. Klimashevsky, N. M. Hula
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: onop.89.av@mail.ru
The effect of N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) on liver free fatty acid composition, cholesterol content and carbonylated protein level in rats with obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) was studied in the work. The experimental insulin resistance was induced by prolonged high fat diet (58% of energy derived from fat) for 6 months combined with one injection of low-dose (15 mg/kg) of streptozotocin. The lipid assay showed a rise in liver free cholesterol content and a significant reduction in cholesterol esters level. Analyzing liver fatty acid composition, a decrease in polyunsaturated of fatty acid (PUFA) level and an increase in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content was found. Fatty acid imbalance with high content of MUFA was associated with elevated level of protein carbonylation. The NSE administration (50 mg/kg of body weight) for 2 weeks decreased free cholesterol content, increased cholesterol esters level and reduced free oleic fatty acid content in the liver of rats with IR. The effect of NSE on lipid imbalance led to a decrease in protein carbonylation level that may result in improvement of transmembrane protein function under obesity-induced insulin resistance state.