Tag Archives: osteoporosis
Dynamics of homocysteine level in patients with osteoporotic fracture
N. A. Hasanova
Azerbaijan Medical University, Biochemical Department, Baku, Azerbaijan;
e-mail: hasanovanaila@yahoo.com
Received: 04 June 2022; Revised: 01 August 2022;
Accepted: 29 September 2022; Available on-line: 06 October 2022
The research was carried out in order to investigate the blood serum level of homocysteine (HCY) which is involved in bone metabolism and has prognostic significance in the monitoring of the regenerative processes in osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. The study was carried out on patients 45-83 years old divided into 3 groups: group I – 14 patients with osteoporosis confirmed by densitometry or X-ray examination, group II – 15 patients with non-osteoporosis fractures, group III – 25 patients with osteoporotic fractures. The control group consisted of practically healthy 14 people. In patients with various fractures osteosynthesis with Ilizarov apparatus or with metal plates was performed. After the operation, the patients were treated in an inpatient setting for a week, then sent for outpatient treatment and prescribed calcium and vitamin D supplements to accelerate the bone regeneration process. A blood sample was taken at 3 stages to monitor the dynamics of HCY level by Elisa test: on the 1st day before treatment, on the 10th day of treatment and 1 month after it. The results showed that on the 1st day before the treatment HCY concentration was statistically increased 2.7 times in group I, 5.6 times in group II, and 6.5 times in group III compared to the control group. In the month of recovery, a significant decrease in HCY level was observed in all treated groups but it still remained higher than in the control indicating the need to recommend additional therapeutic prescriptions.
The impact of vitamin D(3) on bone remodeling in different types of experimental pathology
A. O. Mazanova*, O. O. Makarova, A. V. Khomenko, V. M. Vasylevska,
O. Yu. Lototska, I. O. Shymanskyi, M. M. Veliky
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
*e-mail: ann.mazanova@gmail.com
Received: 17 June 2022; Revised: 28 July 2022;
Accepted: 29 September 2022; Available on-line: 06 October 2022
Osteoporosis is a progressive systemic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone density, impairment of its microarchitectonics, and an increased risk of fractures that occur under minimal or no mechanical stress. One of the main causes of osteoporosis is vitamin D deficiency, which leads to disruption of normal bone remodeling. The aim of our study was to analyze the features of the process of bone tissue remodeling by measuring the key biochemical markers of bone formation/resorption in primary and secondary osteoporosis, as well as to investigate the potential corrective effect of vitamin D3 supplementation. The work was conducted on rats with different osteoporosis models: alimentary, dysfunctional and secondary osteoporosis associated with diabetes mellitus. We used ELISA to measure 25(OH)D content in blood serum. Blood serum and bone tissue calcium, and alkaline phosphatase activity were determined with bioassay kits. The content of inorganic phosphate in blood serum and ash was assayed by the Dyce method. It was shown that all the studied pathological conditions were accompanied by vitamin D deficiency, which led to impaired absorption of calcium in the intestine and reabsorption of inorganic phosphates by the kidneys, reducing, as a result, their concentration in the blood serum. Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia contributed to the disruption of normal bone remodeling, excessive activation of alkaline phosphatase, and a decrease in the content of calcium and phosphate in bone tissue. Thus, sufficient vitamin D bioavailability was confirmed to be critical for effective bone remodeling in primary and secondary osteoporosis.
Prednisolone and vitamin D(3) modulate oxidative metabolism and cell death pathways in blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells
I. O. Shymanskyy, O. O. Lisakovska, A. O. Mazanova,
D. O. Labudzynskyi, A. V. Khomenko, M. M. Veliky
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ishymansk@inbox.ru
The study was designed to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS)/nitric oxide (NO) formation and apoptotic/necrotic cell death elicited by prednisolone in peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells and to define the efficacy of vitamin D3 to counter glucocorticoid (GC)-induced changes. It was shown that prednisolone (5 mg per kg of female Wistar rat’s body weight for 30 days) evoked ROS and NO overproduction by blood mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) that correlated with increased cell apoptosis and necrosis. In contrast, prednisolone did not affect ROS/NO levels in bone marrow mononuclear cells that corresponded to lower level of cell death than in the control. Alterations of prooxidant processes revealed in mononuclear cells and associated with GC action were accompanied by vitamin D3 deficiency in animals, which was assessed by the decreased level of blood serum 25-hydroxivitamin D3 (25OHD3). Vitamin D3 administration (100 IU per rat daily for 30 days, concurrently with prednisolone administration) completely restored 25OHD3 content to the control values and significantly reversed ROS and NO formation in blood mononuclear cells, thus leading to decreased apoptosis. In bone marrow, vitamin D3 activated ROS/NO production and protein nitration that may play a role in prevention of prednisolone-elicited increase in bone resorption. We conclude that vitamin D3 shows a profound protection against GC-associated cellular damage through regulating intracellular ROS/NO formation and cell death pathways.
The history of creation and study of vitamin D medicines in the Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine for 1990-2015
N. E. Lugovska, G. G. Lugovska, I. G. Chernysh, S. P. Yurasova, V. M. Danilova
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: tto@biochem.kiev.ua
The article presents the main results of inventive activity of the Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry headed by Dr. L. I. Apukhovska of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine. These researches continued the works initiated by Prof. V. P. Vendt and included development of technologies for the production of highly efficient preparations based on vitamin D3, namely “VIDEIN” in several modified forms (for prevention and treatment of rickets and rickets-like diseases in children, osteopathy of various origins, hypovitaminosis D in pregnant, mineral metabolism disorders, etc), water-soluble vitamin D3 (for prevention and treatment of rickets in children from the first months of life), “KALMIVID” and ”KALMIVID-M” (for treatment of bone tissue diseases associated with mineral metabolism disorders), the pharmaceutical composition “MEBIVID” (for treatment of osteoporosis and diseases associated with reduced bone mineral density) and therapeutic vitamin-D3-E protein complex (for regulation of metabolic processes, improvement of structural and functional bone quality as well as structure and function of epiphyseal cartilage). All products are characterized by stability of vitamin D3 molecule, and thus, dosing accuracy and reliability, whilst not containing toxic preservatives and stabilizers. The technologies for production as well as analytical and normative documentations have been developed for all preparations.