Tag Archives: colon
Changes in the expression of TRPV4 and TRPM8 channels in the colon of rats with 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s disease
V. О. Stetska1, T. V. Dovbynchuk1, N. V. Dziubenko2,
A. V. Zholos1, G. M. Tolstanova2*
1ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
2Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: ganna.tolstanova@knu.ua
Received: 01 June 2022; Accepted: 01 July 2022
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is neurodegenerative disease, which is accompanied by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in subtantia nigra. Non-motor symptoms, in particular, disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are observed in 20-80% of patients some 15-20 years before clinically diagnosed PD and are not a least important feature of PD pathogenesis. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are expressed throughout the GI tract, where they play an important role in taste, thermoregulation, pain, mucosal function and homeostasis, control of interstitial motility etc. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of TRPV4 and TRPM8 channels in the GI motor function in the colon of rats with PD, incduced by injection of the 12 μg 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The studies were performed on the 4th week and the 7th month after PD induction The rats were randomly divided into: I group – the sham-lesioned rats, 4 μl 0.9% NaCl, autopsy 4 weeks after injection (n = 5); II group – the 6-OHDA-PD rats, 4 μl 12 μg of 6-OHDA, autopsy 4 weeks after injection (n = 5); III group – the sham-lesioned rats, 4 μl 0.9% NaCl, autopsy 7 months after injection (n = 4); IV group – the 6-OHDA-PD rats, 4 μl 12 μg of 6-OHDA, autopsy 7 months after injection (n = 5). We evaluated the body weight of rats, GI transit time, the cecum weight index and immunohistochemical identification of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive cells, and TRPV4, TRPM8 expression in rat’s colon. We showed that on the 7th month of the experiment, the GI transit time doubles over time; the cecum weight index of 6-OHDA rats increased by 57%; the number of TH-positive cells in colon rats decreased 2-fold, while TRPM8 ion channels were downregulated in PD rats and TRPV4 ion channels were upregulated in the colon of rats with 6-OHDA-PD. It was concluded that TRPV4 and TRPM8 ion channels may be considered pharmacological targets in the progression of PD pathology.
The heterogeneity of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase ouabain sensitivity in microsomal membranes of rat colon smooth muscles
A. A. Kaplia
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
е-mail: kaplya@biochem.kiev.ua
The dose dependence of the Na+,K+-АТРase ouabain inhibition in the rat colon smooth muscle permeabilized microsomes has been analyzed according to the model of two independent binding sites of inhibitor to determine the activity of separate molecular forms of the enzyme that differ by affinity for cardiac glycosides. The two-phase inhibition curve with moderate content of the high-affinity activity component was revealed. The apparent inhibition constant of the low-affinity component corresponds to the value for the rat kidney microsomal Na+,K+-АТРase (α1-isoform). The specific role of the α2- and α1- Na+,K+-АТРase catalytic subunit isoforms in colonic smooth muscle electromechanical coupling is considered.
Fecal short-chain fatty acids at different time points after ceftriaxone administration in rats
Yu. V. Holota1, O. O. Holubenko2, A. M. Ostapchuk2,
T. M. Serhiychuk1, L. V. Zakordonets3, G. M. Tolstanova1
1Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
2D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
3Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
е-mail: gtolstanova@gmail.com
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major products of the microbial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colon. Recent studies suggest that these products of microbial metabolism in the gut act as signaling molecules, influence host energy homeostasis and play major immunological roles. In the present study, defined the long-term effects of ceftriaxone administration on the fecal SCFAs concentration in Wistar rats. Ceftriaxone (300 mg/kg, i.m.) was administered daily for 14 days. Rats were euthanized in 1, 15 and 56 days after ceftriaxone withdrawal. Caecal weight and fecal concentration of SCFAs by gas chromatography were measured. Ceftriaxone administration induced time-dependent rats’ caecal enlargement through accumulation of undigestable substances. In 1 day after ceftriaxone withdrawal, the concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric acids and total SCFAs were decreased 2.9-, 13.8-, 8.5-, 4.8-fold (P < 0.05), respectively. Concentration of valeric, isovaleric and caproic acids was below the detectable level. That was accompanied by decreased 4.3-fold anaerobic index and increased the relative amount of acetic acid (P < 0.05). In 56 days, concentration of SCFAs was still below control value but higher than in 1 day (except propionic acid). Anaerobic index was lower 1.3-fold (P < 0.05) vs. control. Conclusion: antibiotic therapy induced long-term disturbance in colonic microbiota metabolic activity.