Tag Archives: crucian carp

Carassius auratus as a novel model for the hyperglycemia study

H. I. Falfushynska1, O. I. Horyn1, L. L. Gnatyshyna1,2,
B. B. Buyak1, N. I. Rusnak1, O. O. Fedoruk1, O. B. Stoliar1

1Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ukraine;
e-mail: falfushynska@tnpu.edu.ua;
2I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, Ukraine

Received: 21 August 2018; Accepted: 13 December 2018

The aim of the present study was to create a suitable model of the glucose toxicity and elucidate the ability of zinc-binding proteins metallothioneins in the crucian carp Carassius auratus to reflect it. For that, fish was loaded by three waterborne concentrations of glucose (low (5.55 mM, LC), middle (55.5 mM, MC) or high (111 mM, HC)) for 21 days. The level of blood glucose, responses of metallothioneins, oxidative stress, DNA instability in the liver, as well as erythrocytes indices, cholinesterase activity in the brain and morphometric variables were evaluated. An increase in blood glucose levels (up to 3–5 times), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, only by the HC, by 55%), methemoglobin (by two times), oxyradicals (16-57%) and TBARS levels (up to 57%), frequency of the micronucleated erythrocytes, DNA fragmentation in hepatocytes, body mass and hepatosomatic indices and a decrease in metallothioneins concentration (40-74%), cholinesterase activity (~70%), total hemoglobin (by 18%) and red blood cells count (only after HC-treatment, by 47%) were detected. The lysosomal membrane stability, evaluated by the neutral red retention time, was affected by all studied concentrations of glucose (decreased by 58%). The most prominent changes were observed after the HC of glucose. CART analysis revealed the significant splitting parameters for studied group differentiation including HbA1c, lysosomal membrane stability and lipid peroxidation. We could consider the crucian carp is a useful model organism to perform DM studies and in the future, this fish model can help in mechanistic investigations and testing therapeutic interventions under glycemic states.

Functions of metallothioneins and a system of antioxidant defense under the effect of Co- and Zn-containing nanocomposites on crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)

H. I. Falfushynska1,2, L. L. Gnatyshyna1, O. O. Turta1, O. B. Stoliar1,
N. E. Mitina3, O. S. Zaichenko3, R. S. Stoika4

1Volodymyr Hnatiuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Ukraine;
2I. Ya. Horbachevski Ternopil State Medical University, Ukraine;
e-mail: halynka.f@gmail.com;
3Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine;
4Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv

The effect of metal-nanocomposites (Me-NC) of cobalt and zinc (Co- and Zn-NC, correspondingly) synthecized on the basis of vinylpyrrolidone (PS) on the metal-accumulative proteins with antioxidant potential metallothioneins (MT) in crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) was studied­. Fish was subjected to the effect of Co-NC, Zn-NC, Co2+, Zn2+ or polymer carrier (PC) in the concentrations correspondent to 50 µg×Co/l or 100 µg×Zn/l during 14 days. It was shown that the MTs response is highly specific for the nature of metal, both in ion and Me-NC form: the effect of Co and Co-NC provoked the elevation of total MT concentration (MT-SH) and activation of antioxidant defence, whereas Zn and Zn-NC induced the decrease of the concentration of MT-SH and the inhibition of antioxidant defense. All the exposures provoked the decrease of the concentration of immunoreactive chelating MT form (MTi) and reduced glutathione, activation of anaerobiosys and Mn-superoxide dismutase, and also decrease of the concentration of proteins and lipids oxidative injury products. It was accompanied by the increase of the content of erythrocytes with nuclear abnormalities but did not cause the decrease of choline esterase activity. According to the rate of MT-SH and MTi concentrations, antioxidant potential of MTs is determined by its apoform. Our data indicate that partial biodegradation of Me-NC occurs in the organism of crucian carp.