Tag Archives: endurance training
Changes in gene expression of lactate carriers (MCT1 and CD147) in cardiac muscle of diabetic male rats: the effect of dichloroacetate and endurance training
H. Rezaeinasab1*, A. Habibi1, M. Nikbakht1, M. Rashno2,3, S. Shakerian1
1Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran;
2Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
3Department of Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
e-mail: hamed.rezaei2020@gmail.com
Received: 23 March 2020; Accepted: 25 June 2020
Lactate accumulation can activate the pathways of mitochondrial biogenesis in the heart muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition and endurance training on the gene expression of lactate carriers (MCT1 and CD147) in the cardiac muscle of STZ-diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 64 male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into eight groups after induction of diabetes with streptozotocin (STZ). The endurance training protocol was performed on a treadmill for 6 weeks. Intraperitoneal injection of DCA of 50 mg/ kg body weight was used for the inhibition of PDK4 in the myocardium. Gene expression were measured using real-time PCR. The two-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that after endurance training, the expression of MCT1, PDK4, and CD147 genes increased significantly in line with each other (P < 0.05), and by inhibition of PDK4 in the heart muscle, the expression of MCT1 and CD147 genes in the endurance training group + diabetes + DCA and in the diabetes group + DCA decreased significantly (P < 0.05). According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the repeated accumulation of lactate caused by exercise training in diabetic patients decrease through mitochondrial adaptation by DCA injection and subsequently oxidative stress can be reduced in cardiac tissue of diabetic patients and heart efficacy can be increased.
The effects of PDK4 inhibition on AMPK protein levels and PGC-1α gene expression following endurance training in skeletal muscle of Wistar rats
S. Aminizadeh1, Y. Masoumi-Ardakani1, B. Shahouzehi2
1Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran;
e-mail: soheilaminizadeh@gmail.com; ymab125@yahoo.com;
2Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran;
e-mail: bshahouzehi@gmail.com
There are regulatory networks in cells which surveil the physiological and environmental states. These cellular regulations are conducted through gene expression modulation. Skeletal muscle is able to adapt shortly and produce ATP at different conditions. AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha) are important regulators of cellular energy homeostasis. We designed this study to examine the effects of interactions between endurance training and PDK4 (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4) inhibition on AMPK and PGC-1α expression in rat skeletal muscle. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups (n = 8); Group 1 control which did not receive any treatment, Group 2 received dichloroacetic acid (DCA) (150 mg/kg/day), Group 3 (endurance training group), Group 4 which received DCA and performed endurance training. AMPK protein expression, PDK4 and PGC-1α gene expression were measured by western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. Our data showed that PDK4 inhibition caused AMPK protein elevation. Endurance training (group 2) and PDK4 inhibition (group 4) induce significant enhancement of PGC-1α gene expression compared to control group. The group which received DCA showed significant elevation of PDK4 gene expression compared to control group (P = 0.001), also other two groups (groups 2 & 3) showed significant elevation of PDK4 gene expression compared to control (P = 0.006). It seems that the combination of endurance training and PDK4 inhibition by up-regulation of PGC-1α expression, effectively improves energy state and performance in skeletal muscle.