Tag Archives: TBA-active products
The antioxidant system in rabbit under combine action of severe heat stress and nanoparticles of zinc, selenium, and germanium citrate
M. O. Yuzviak1*, Y. V. Lesyk1,2, Y. T. Salyha1
1Institute of Animal Biology, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;
2Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine;
*e-mail:maruk7991@gmail.com
Received: 17 December 2024; Revised: 10 March 2025;
Accepted: 25 April 2025; Available on-line: 12 May 2025
It is generally known that rabbits cannot effectively ensure thermoregulation of their body at temperatures above 18-21°C due to the absence of sweat glands and thick fur. Heat stress negatively affects the metabolic processes and reproductive function of rabbits. One of the approaches to mitigating the adverse effects of heat stress is using organic compounds of trace elements created using nanotechnology. Our study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant protection indicators in the blood of animals under conditions of severe heat stress and the introduction of nanoparticles of zinc citrate, selenium, and germanium as a feed additive. Young rabbits of the Termonska Bila breed aged from 35 to 78 days were divided into groups of 6 animals. The control group received the main diet and water without restrictions. Rabbits of experimental groups I, II, and III consumed the same food as the control. Still, within 24 h, they received water: group I – 12 mg Zn/kg, group II – 60 μg Se/kg, group III – 12.5 μg Ge/kg. Within 15 days, the temperature in the room was increased from 28.9 to 30°C for 4 h per day using an electric air heater to provide severe heat stress according to the temperature-humidity index. It was found that the addition of zinc citrate and selenium nanoparticles contributed to positive changes in the functioning of the antioxidant defense system, which was changed due to severe heat stress. In contrast, the protective effect of germanium citrate was less pronounced.
Antioxidant and antitumor activity of dirhenium dicarboxylates in animals with Guerin carcinoma
I. V. Leus1, K. L. Shamelashvili1, O. D. Skorik1, S. Y. Tretyak2,
O. A. Golichenko2, O. V. Shtemenko2, N. I. Shtemenko1
1Oles Gonchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Ukraine;
2Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipropetrovsk;
e-mail: ingaleus@mail.ru
The antioxidant and anticancer properties of dirhenium dicarboxylates of cis- and trans-configuration with different organic ligands in a model of tumor growth (Guerin carcinoma) were studied. It was shown that compounds of different configuration had similar antitumor effect, and dirhenium (III) cis-dicarboxylates were characterized by higher antioxidant activity and degree of activation of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) in comparison with trans-isomers. The dependence between the structure of dirhenium (III) dicarboxylates and their ability to activate erythrocyte SOD in the model of tumor growth was shown for the first time. The in vitro studies have shown that rhenium compounds of cis- and trans-configuration interacted similarly with erythrocyte SOD, changing the protein secondary structure. In contrast to trans-dicarboxylate, for cis-dicarboxylate the SOD-like activity was demonstrated to be on the first minutes of the xantine-oxidase reaction. The studied features of the interaction between rhenium compounds and SOD in vitro explain only partly the activation of SOD in experiments in vivo. The attempt is made to explain the differences in the mechanisms of antioxidant activity of dirhenium cis- and trans-dicarboxylates.
Activity of the glutathione system of antioxidant defense in rats under the action of L-glutamic acid
N. O. Salyha
Institute of Animal Biology, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine;
e-mail: ynosyt@yahoo.com
The data on the effects of glutamic acid (L-Glu), which is one of three amino acid – precursors of glutathione on animals organism is quite controversial because research in this area remain relevant. The aim of our research was to find out what impact the additional introduction of L-Glu on the activity glutathione system of antioxidant defence and the content of lipid peroxidation products in various organs and tissues of rats. The effect of additional (285 and 715 mg/kg, respectively) introduction to the diet of L-Glu on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and intensity of peroxidation processes in various tissues of rats was studied. It is shown that in the liver, spleen and kidneys of rats which received additional 715 mg/kg of L-Glu content of reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity increased. A decrease of the content of lipid hydroperoxides and TBA-active products in tissues of animals which received additional 285 and 715 mg/kg of L-Glu into the diet was found. We have also found that the enrichment of rat’s diet by L-Glu during 30 days resulted in a change of glutathione part of antioxidant system and intensity of lipid peroxidation. More intensive changes in these indices were observed in animals which received additional 715 mg/kg of L-Glu into the diet.
Activity of antioxidant enzymes of the rat kidneys under mercury dichloride effect
A. Ya. Velyka, V. P. Pishak, I. V. Lopushynska
Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine;
e-mail: velyka.alla@bk.ru
Salts of heavy metals are excreted by the kidneys and, as pro-oxidants, stimulate the processes of free radical oxidation. Mercury ions are accumulated in the kidneys. So the study of the features of antioxidant enzymes adaptive response of different kidney layers in response to mercury dichloride is important. Catalase and glytathionperoxidase activity within rat kidneys 72 hours after mercury dichloride intoxication in the ratio of 5 ml per 1 kg of the animal weight was studied. It was important to reveal the influence of the mercury salts on rat kidney antioxidative system. Decreasing glytathionperoxidase activity in cortical and cerebral substances and renal papillae were accompanied by increased contents of oxidative modified proteins and lipids and morphological changes in renal tissue under salt and water loading after mercury dichloride poisoning. The results obtained evidence for the inhibition of antioxidative protection of enzymes in rat kidneys under the mercury dichloride effect.