Tag Archives: diabetes

The Gerty Cori phenomenon: the first woman Nobel laureate in Physiology and Medicine

26.07.2024   Uncategorized   No comments

V. M. Danilova, M. V. Grigorieva, S. V. Komisarenko

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiyv;
e-mail: valdan@biochem.kiev.ua

Received: 08 June 2024; Revised: 08 July 2024;
Accepted: 25 July 2024; Available on-line: 04 September 2024

Gerty Cori was the first woman awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the first woman the Nobel Prize laureate in the United States, and the third woman the Nobel Prize laureate worldwide following Marie Curie-Skłodowska and her daughter, Irene Joliot-Curie. Despite a challenging and lengthy path to recognition, Gerty Cori’s exceptional qualities and strong character led to her success. In 1947, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with her husband and lifelong research partner Carl Cori “for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen”. The Nobel Committee recognized this discovery as one of the most outstanding achievements in biochemistry.

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The effects of endurance training and estrogen-related receptor α disruption on mitofusin 1 and 2, GLUT2, PPARβ/δ and SCD1 expression in the liver of diabetic rats

17.12.2020   Uncategorized   No comments

B. Shahouzehi1,2, Y. Masoumi-Ardakani3, H. Fallah4, S. Aminizadeh3*

1Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
2Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
3Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
4Department of Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
*e-mail: soheilaminizadeh@gmail.com

Received: 19 March 2020; Accepted: 13 November 2020

Diabetes is a progressive and metabolic disease with a high prevalence throughout the world. Physical activity is considered as an intervention to improve diabetes. Intervention such as estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) inhibition is considered as a new way to manage diabetes. In current study, we examined ERRα inhibition along with exercise training (ET) on the gene expression of mitofusin 1 (MFN1), MFN2, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta or delta (PPARβ/δ), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in rat liver. The animals were divided into 8 groups (n = 7); 1, Control (CTL) 2, Diabetes (D) 3, ERRα inhibition (ERRI) 4, Endurance Training (ET) 5, Diabetes+ERRα inhibition (D+ERRI) 6, Diabetes+Endurance training (D+ET) 7, Endurance Training +ERRα inhibition (ET+ERRI) 8, Diabetes+Endurance Training+ERRα inhibition (D+ET+ERRI). The liver tissues were used for Real-Time PCR. The results showed that ET significantly increased PPARδ, MFN1 and, MFN2 expression in control rats compared to DM group. In ERRI group, SCD1, GLUT2, MFN1 and MFN2 gene expression was increased compared to CTL and D group. In CTL and D rats, the combination of ERRα inhibition and ET significantly and additively increased MFN1, MFN2, and GLUT2 expression. Overall­, the combination of ET and ERRα inhibition probably can be considered as a potential therapeutic intervention for treatment of metabolic diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

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Changes in gene expression of lactate carriers (MCT1 and CD147) in cardiac muscle of diabetic male rats: the effect of dichloroacetate and endurance training

09.11.2020   Uncategorized   No comments

H. Rezaeinasab1*, A. Habibi1, M. Nikbakht1, M. Rashno2,3, S. Shakerian1

1Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran;
2Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
3Department of Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
e-mail: hamed.rezaei2020@gmail.com

Received: 23 March 2020; Accepted: 25 June 2020

Lactate accumulation can activate the pathways of mitochondrial biogenesis in the heart muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition and endurance training on the gene expression of lactate carriers (MCT1 and CD147) in the cardiac muscle of STZ-diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 64 male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into eight groups after induction of diabetes with streptozotocin (STZ). The endurance training protocol was performed on a treadmill for 6 weeks. Intraperitoneal injection of DCA of 50 mg/ kg body weight was used for the inhibition of PDK4 in the myocardium. Gene expression were measured using real-time PCR. The two-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that after endurance training, the expression of MCT1, PDK4, and CD147 genes increased significantly in line with each other (P < 0.05), and by inhibition of PDK4 in the heart muscle, the expression of MCT1 and CD147 genes in the endurance training group + diabetes + DCA and in the diabetes group + DCA decreased significantly (P < 0.05). According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the repeated accumulation of lactate caused by exercise training in diabetic patients decrease through mitochondrial adaptation by DCA injection and subsequently oxidative stress can be reduced in cardiac tissue of diabetic patients and heart efficacy can be increased.