Tag Archives: gene expression

Inhibitory action of methylene bisphosphonic acid on metabolic activity and viability of J774A.1 cells

D. O. Labudzynskyi*, E. P. Pasichna, O. I. Krynina, М. M. Veliky

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
*e-mail: labudzinskidmytro@gmail.com

Received: 01 February 2024; Revised: 22 March 2024;
Accepted: 24 March 2024; Available on-line: 30 April 2024

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are primary agents in the current pharmacological arsenal against osteoclast-related bone loss due to osteoporosis, Paget’s disease and bone tumors. Due to the lack of complete understanding of the molecular mechanism of their action in bone tissue and the overlap of key properties between BPs of different generations, integral studies of BPs inhibitory and antiresorptive properties are relevant today. The present work was carried out to establish a comprehensive study of the inhibitory effects of methylene bisphosphonic acid (MBPA) on the mevalonate pathway, metabolic activity and cell death in vitro compared to zoledronic acid (Zol). Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase activity of MBPA-treated J774A.1 cells was inhibited by 80%, compared with a 79% reduction in Zol-treated samples. The ability of MBPA to decrease the percentage of viable cells in culture is slightly lower compared with Zol. After 24 h of incubation with lowest concentration, the percentage of inhibition of metabolic activity was 10.6 and 25%, respectively. After 48 h, these values were 34.8 and 55.6%, respectively. The inhibitory effects of MBPA and Zol on the intensity of incorporation of radioactively labeled precursor [14C]-acetate to the cholesterol fraction were 76.2 and 59.1%, respectively. In the case of isoprenoid fraction, the inhibitory effects were 40.9% and 51.2%, respectively. MBPA and Zol differently induced apoptosis in the J774A.1 cells culture, increased count of apoptotic cells in 2.4 and 6.3 times, and also increased the number of propidium iodide-positive cells in 7.4 and 19 times, respectively. MBPA and Zol also increased the number of TUNEL-positive cells in macrophage culture in 2.6 and 5 times, respectively. Zoledronate significantly reduced carbonic anhydrase 2 and nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 gene expression levels compared to the MBPA action. Thus, the use of MBPA in future research and therapy of both cancer and osteoporosis looks promising due to lower cytotoxicity, high efficiency of mevalonate pathway inhibition and the possibility of dosage variation.

The role of microRNA-613 and its related genes in ovarian cancer

M. M. Mohammed, M. M. Ramzy*, S. S. Gaber,
H. A. Mohamed, M. R. Mohamed, A. M. Abdalla

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt;
*e-mail: maggiemaher24@gmail.com

Received: 19 October 2022; Revised: 25 November 2022;
Accepted: 17 February 2023; Available on-line: 27 February 2023

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer. Multiple genetic and epigenetic abnormalities have been detected in ovarian cancers. As microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in carcinogenesis, numerous researchers aim to determine the molecular mechanism that regulates the cancer cells proliferation and metastasis. In the current study, the expression of microRNA-613 and related KRAS and Ezrin genes was assessed by Real-time PCR in ovarian cancer tissue and the adjacent apparently normal tissues. Our results revealed that the expression of miRNA-613 was downregulated in ovarian cancer while the expression of KRAS and Ezrin was higher in cancer tissues compared to apparently normal ovarian tissues. There was a negative correlation between the expression of miRNA-613 and both KRAS and Ezrin genes expression and a positive correlation between KRAS and Ezrin gene expression. The results obtained confirm that miRNA-613 acts as a tumor-suppressive gene in ovarian cancer and can realize such impact through the expression of KRAS and Ezrin genes. These data contribute to the identification of potential biomarkers and novel targets for OC early detection and treatment.

Changes in gene expression of lactate carriers (MCT1 and CD147) in cardiac muscle of diabetic male rats: the effect of dichloroacetate and endurance training

H. Rezaeinasab1*, A. Habibi1, M. Nikbakht1, M. Rashno2,3, S. Shakerian1

1Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran;
2Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
3Department of Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
e-mail: hamed.rezaei2020@gmail.com

Received: 23 March 2020; Accepted: 25 June 2020

Lactate accumulation can activate the pathways of mitochondrial biogenesis in the heart muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition and endurance training on the gene expression of lactate carriers (MCT1 and CD147) in the cardiac muscle of STZ-diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 64 male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into eight groups after induction of diabetes with streptozotocin (STZ). The endurance training protocol was performed on a treadmill for 6 weeks. Intraperitoneal injection of DCA of 50 mg/ kg body weight was used for the inhibition of PDK4 in the myocardium. Gene expression were measured using real-time PCR. The two-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that after endurance training, the expression of MCT1, PDK4, and CD147 genes increased significantly in line with each other (P < 0.05), and by inhibition of PDK4 in the heart muscle, the expression of MCT1 and CD147 genes in the endurance training group + diabetes + DCA and in the diabetes group + DCA decreased significantly (P < 0.05). According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the repeated accumulation of lactate caused by exercise training in diabetic patients decrease through mitochondrial adaptation by DCA injection and subsequently oxidative stress can be reduced in cardiac tissue of diabetic patients and heart efficacy can be increased.

Insulin resistance in obese adolescents and adult men modifies the expression of proliferation related genes

O. H. Minchenko1, Y. M. Viletska1, D. O. Minchenko1,2, V. V. Davydov3

1Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ominchenko@yahoo.com;
2Bohomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
3SI “Institute of Children and Adolescent Health Care,
National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv

Received: 11 December 2018; Accepted: 14 March 2019

Numerous data demonstrate that key regulatory factors, enzymes and receptors including HSPA5, MEST, SLC1A3, PDGFC, and ADM represent poly-functional, endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent proteins, which control variable metabolic pathways. The expression level of genes of these proteins in the blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese adolescents and adult men with and without insulin resistance was studied. It was shown that in blood of obese adolescents without insulin resistance the expression level of SLC1A3, HSPA5, MEST, and PDGFC genes was significantly increased, but development of insulin resis­tance led to down-regulation of these genes expression except HSPA5 gene as compared to the control group as well as to the group of obese adolescents without insulin resistance. At the same time, the expression level of ADM gene did not change significantly in obese adolescents without insulin resistance, but the development of insulin resistance led to down-regulation of this gene expression. In subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese adult men without insulin resistance the level of SLC1A3 gene expression was decreased, although ADM, MEST, and HSPA5 genes – increased. It was also shown that the development of insulin resistance in obese men affected the expression level of ADM and SLC1A3 genes only. Results of this investigation provide evidence that insulin resistance in obese adolescents and adult men is associated with specific changes in the expression of genes, which related to proliferation and development of obesity and insulin resistance as well as to endoplasmic reticulum stress and contribute to the development of obesity complications.

Folate-related processes in human placenta: gene expression, aminothiols, proliferation and apoptosis

M. Yu. Obolenskaya, R. R. Rodriges, O. P. Martsenyuk

Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: m.obolenska@gmail.com

The paper contains short information concerning the role of folate-related processes in cell metabolism and multiple diseases which are characterized by hyperhomocysteinemia. The authors represent more detailed information about the folate-related processes in human placenta, namely about the content of aminothiols at different allelic variants of placental methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase during the course of physiological pregnancy and preeclampsia. The existing data concerning the expression and catalytic activi­ty of corresponding enzymes are corroborated by the authors’ own results that proved for the first time the functional activity of transsulfuration pathway in human placenta. This pathway is activated in placental explants in parallel with down-regulation of proliferation and up-regulation of apoptosis when hyperhomocystei­nemia is imitated by high concentration of homocysteine in culture medium. On the whole the presented data point to the importance of placental folate-related processes for its normal function.

Gene expression of H(+)-pumps in plasma and vacuolar membranes of corn root cells under the effect of sodium ions and bioactive preparations

N. O. Kovalenko, T. A. Palladina

Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: tatiana_palladina@ukr.net

Four isoforms of H+-ATPase of plasma membrane: MHA1, MHA2, MHA3, MHA4 are expressed in the corn seedling roots with prevalence of genes MHA3 і MHA4. The exposure of seedlings in the presence of 0.1 M NaCl activated the expression of MHA4 gene isoform, that demonstrates its important role in the processes of adaptation to salinization conditions. In vacuolar membrane, where potential is created by two Н+-pumps, sodium ions activated gene expression of only Н+-АТРase of V-type, taking no effect on the expression of Н+-pyrophosphatase. The seeds pretreatment by synthetic preparations Methyure and Ivine did not affect gene expression of Н+-pumps. Thus we can suppose that the ability of the above preparations to activate functioning of Н+-pumps in the presence of sodium ions is realized at the post-tranlation level.

Expression of genes, encoding the enzymes of cysteine metabolism in human placenta in the first and third trimesters of uncomplicated pregnancy

K. L. Korneeva1, R. R. Rodriguez1, S. V. Ralchenko2, O. V. Martunovska2,
A. О. Frolova1, O. P. Martsenyuk1, L. V. Manzhula3, V. T. Melnyk4,
O. Y. Shkoropad4, M. Yu. Obolenska1

1Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
3Maternity Hospital of Kyiv N 3, Ukraine;
4Maternity Hospital of Irpin, Ukraine;
e-mail: m.obolenska@gmail.com

The cellular cysteine is highly regulated in a narrow range of concentrations due to its cyto- and neurtoxicity when it is overwhelmed or its deficiency for protein synthesis and other vital metabolic reactions when its amount is restricted. The regulation of cysteine content and its metabolic products, glutathione, taurine and inorganic sulfur compounds, is scarcely explored in human placenta though cysteine metabolism is closely related to the maintenance of redox status and protection from free radical oxidation, elimination of homocysteine and detoxification. These processes are particularly important for placenta which meets substantial changes of oxygen supply during its development, and is the last metabolically active organ between mother and fetus. The abundance of CDO, CSAD, ADO, SUOX, GCLC and GCLM mRNAs was estimated by RT-qPCR and compared with the computationally analyzed microarray gene expression data from GEO, while the level of individual protein – by western-blot analysis, both in placental samples from first and third trimesters of uncomplicated pregnancies. The abundance of CDO mRNA is significantly up-regulated at term compared to the first trimester, the level of GCLM and GCLC mRNAs remains almost unchanged while the abundance of other mRNAs reduces to varying degrees. Overall, the changes of gene expression in third trimester in comparison to the first one estimated by RT-qPCR and microarray coincide while the former data are more informative for the limited group of genes. The data provide the basis for further research of these genes expression and phenotype of human placenta in health and disease.

Influence of oxidative stress on the level of genes expression TGFB1 and HGF in rat liver upon long-term gastric hypochlorhydria and administration of multiprobiotic Symbiter

K. O. Dvorshchenko, O. O. Bernyk, A. S. Dranitsina, S. A. Senin, L. I. Ostapchenko

Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
e-mail: k21037@gmail.com

Free-radical processes upon long-term omeprazole-induced gastric hypochlorhydria in the rat liver were researched. Intensification of oxidative processes in the liver tissue upon gastric hypoacid state was established: overproduction of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, the quantitative changes of lipid functional groups, increased level of lipid peroxidation products, and augmentation of xanthine oxidase activity. The expression of Tgfb1 gene increased, while the expression of Hgf gene was not detected upon long-term suppression of gastric acid secretion of hydrochloric acid by omeprazole that indicated possible development of liver fibrosis. Abovementioned parameters were only partially restored to control values in the case of simultaneous administration of multiprobiotic “Symbiter® acidophilic” concentrated with omeprazole, thus indicating the ability of this preparation to counteract the development of oxidative damages in liver tissues upon long-term gastric hypoacidic conditions.

Stress-responsive systems in rat pancreas upon long-term gastric hypochlorhydria and administration of multiprobiotic “Symbiter®”

K. O. Dvorshchenko, S. Ye. Vakal, A. S. Dranitsina, S. A. Senin, L. I. Ostapchenko

Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
e-mail: k21037@gmail.com

The intensity of free-radical processes upon long-term omeprazole-induced hypoacidity in the rat pancreas was investigated. Significant violation of oxidative-antioxidative balance in pancreatic tissue upon gastric hypochlorhydria was established: overproduction of superoxide anion, quantitative changes of lipid functional groups, increased level of lipid peroxidation products, augmentation of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione transferase activity, as well as depletion of catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced glutathione content. The inflected expression of Cckbr gene in the rat pancreas upon these conditions was also observed, thus suggesting an increased risk of pathological changes development in the gland. Abovementioned parameters were only partially restored to control values in the case of simultaneous administration of multiprobiotic “Symbiter®” with omeprazole, thus indicating the ability of this preparation to efficiently counteract the development of oxidative damages in pancrea­tic tissues upon long-term hypoacidic conditions.