Tag Archives: phospholipids
Diet-induced and age-related changes in rats: the impact of N-stearoylethanolamine intake on plasma lipoproteins, adiponectin, and adipocyte cholesterol-phospholipid composition
O. S. Tkachenko*, H. V. Kosiakova
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: 888oksana.tkachenko@gmail.com
Received: 26 January 2024; Revised: 19 March 2024;
Accepted: 19 March 2024; Available on-line: April 2024
Adiponectin is secreted by adipose tissue, associated with lipoprotein (LP) metabolism, down-regulated in insulin resistance states, and reduced in individuals suffering from obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Phospholipids and cholesterol are the main components of cell membranes and play a critical role in storage and secretory adipocyte functions. N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) is a minor lipid affecting cell membrane lipids’ composition. Our study aimed to investigate plasma levels of adiponectin and cholesterol of low- and high-density LP (LDL and HDL) and adipocyte cholesterol-phospholipid (Chol-PL) composition of different age rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and insulin resistance and their changes under NSE administration. Our study demonstrated that chronic dietary fat overloading leads to obesity accompanied by impairment of glucose tolerance, a manifestation of dyslipidemia, and changes in plasma adiponectin levels in rats from two age groups (10-month-old and and 24-month-old). Prolonged HFD led to a reduction in plasma adiponectin levels and the growth of adipocyte cholesterol content in rats of different ages. A significant increase in plasma LDL-Chol level and main adipocyte PLs (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and lysophosphatidylcholine) was observed in younger rats, whereas not detected in elder animals after dietary fats overloading. The decrease in the content of anionic phospholipids (phosphatidylinositol + phosphatidylserine) was also detected in 10-month-old HFD rats compared to the control animals. NSE administration positively affected the normalization of adiponectin levels in both age HFD groups. It significantly impacted the reduction of LDL-Chol levels and the growth of HDL-Chol concentration in the blood plasma of 10-month-old rats as well as PL-composition of young HFD rats and anionic PL restoring in 24-month-old rats. The positive effect on investigated parameters makes NSE a prospective agent for treating diet-induced and age-related metabolic disorders threatening cardiovascular diseases.
The effect of N-stearoylethanolamine on the lipid composition of the rat testes and testosterone level during the early stages of streptozotocin-іnduced diabetes
O. V. Onopchenko*, T. M. Horid’ko, H. V. Kosiakova,
A. G. Berdyshev, V. M. Klimashevsky, N. M. Hula
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
*e-mail: onop.89.av@gmail.com
Received: 23 December 2019; Accepted: 27 March 2020
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with multiorgan complications, including reproductive system dysfunction where lipid imbalance of germ cells play an important role. N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) shows a modulatory effect on the lipid composition under different pathologies. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the NSE effect on the testes lipid composition and testosterone level in plasma of diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by a single streptozotocin injection (50 mg/kg). Animals with glucose levels of 8-12 mmol/l were further selected. NSE was administrated to rats (50 mg/kg) for 10 days at 1.5 months after the streptozotocin injection. The rat testes were used for lipid analysis, namely, phospholipid level, fatty acid methyl esters and plasma testosterone estimation. NSE administration to diabetic rats triggered normalization of total and individual phospholipid content, as well as composition of free and phospholipids fatty acids in the rat testes. In addition, the testosterone content showed a slight increase under the action of NSE. Our results showed that the early stages of diabetes caused destructive changes in rat testes that may induce a decrease in future testicular function. NSE administration to diabetic rats normalized the lipid content of rat testes and was correlated with an increased testosterone level. NSE induced the restoration of testes structure and function during the early stages of streptozotocin-іnduced diabetes in rats.
Corvitin modulates the content of lipids in rat liver bile
T. V. Vovkun1, P. I. Yanchuk1, L. Ya. Shtanova1,
S. P. Veselsky1, N. B. Filimonova1, I. V. Komarov2
1ESC “Institute of Biology and Мedicine”, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Ukraine
2“Institute of High Technologies”, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
e-mail: shtanova@ukr.net
Received: 23 March 2019; Accepted: 18 October 2019
Quercetin (QUE) and its water-soluble form сorvitin are medicinally important members of the flavonoid family and the most prominent dietary antioxidants. Numerous pharmacological effects of quercetin include protection against diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular diseases. Corvitin modulates liver blood flow but its effects on liver lipid metabolism have not been understood. We investigated the influence of corvitin (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg) on the formation and secretion of cholesterol (Chol), cholesterol esters (EChol), phospholipids (PLs), free fatty acids (FFAs), and triglycerides (TGs) into the bile. Secreted bile was collected during 2.5 h of the experiment. Lipid fractions of the bile were separated by thin-layer chromatography. We defined that administration of corvitin caused a significant (P < 0.05–0.001) increase in levels of all studied lipid components of bile. At a dose of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg corvitin increased bile content of Chol, PLs and FFAs,and at a dose of 10 mg/kg had the largest effect on the total production of EChol and TGs. We concluded that corvitin activates the liver lipids metabolism and processes of bile formation.
The effect of N-stearoylethanolamine on adipocytes free cholesterol content and phospholipid composition in rats with obesity-induced insulin resistance
O. S. Dziuba, Ie. A. Hudz, H. V. Kosiakova, T. M. Horid’ko, V. M. Klimashevsky, N. M. Hula
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: oksana.dziuba86@gmail.com
Obesity induces molecular changes that promote associated disorders, such as insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. Low insulin sensitivity occurs primarily due to defects in the pathway of insulin action in target tissues, and there is a hypothesis that IR may originate in adipose tissue and is followed by dyslipidemia. In this study using methods of thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography we investigated free cholesterol content and phospholipid composition of adipocytes of obesity-induced IR rats and its changes induced by the N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) administration. The results we obtained demonstrated that free cholesterol content significantly increased in adipocytes of IR rats compared to control. The analysis of phospholipid composition indicated a reduction of phosphatidylcholine and the total content of phosphatidylinositol with phosphatidylserine, whereas the content of lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylethanolamine increased in IR group compared to control. NSE administration caused a statistically significant decrease in total cholesterol level and had a considerable effect on normalization of individual phospholipids content. As far as NSE administration caused a statistically significant decrease in free cholesterol level and had a considerable effect on normalization of individual phospholipids content of adipocytes, we can consider NSE as a prospective compound worthy more complex investigation of its action under the pathological conditions.
Effects of thiosulfonates on the lipid composition of rat tissues
A. Z. Pylypets1,2, R. Ya. Iskra2, V. V. Havryliak1,2, A. V. Nakonechna1, V. P. Novikov1, V. I. Lubenets1
1Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine;
2Institute of Animal Biology, NAAS of Ukraine, Lviv;
e-mail: vlubenets@gmail.com
Thiosulfonates are synthetic analogs of organic sulfur-containing compounds isolated from plants. Recent studies have shown that these substances lowering cholesterol content in the body, are effective against hyperlipidemia. Therefore, the aim of our investigation was to study the effect of synthesized thiosulfonates on the content of lipids and their spectrum in rats blood, liver and kidney. The amount of total lipids and their fractional profile were determined by thin-layer chromatography. The administration of methyl-, ethyl-, and allylthiosulfonates at a dose of 300 mg/kg of body weight did not cause significant changes in the content of total lipids and phospholipids, but led to the redistribution of their classes in the examined tissues. The content of triacylglycerols in the blood plasma under the action of ethyl- and allylthiosulfonates was decreased by 29.14 and 23.19% (P < 0.05-0.01), respectively, whereas the injection with methyl- and ethylthiosulfonates was accompanied by a significant decrease in mono-, di-, triglycerides and free fatty acids in the liver compared to control. The most significant changes in the lipid profile of kidney tissue were detected under the action of methylthiosulfonate.
Practical development of laboratory of biologics technology of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine for the period 1991-2010
G. G. Lugovska, R. P. Vynogradova, N. E. Lugovska,
I. G. Chernysh, S. P. Yurasova, V. M. Danilova
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: tto@biochem.kiev.ua
The paper presents the results of inventive activity of the Laboratory of Biologics Technology of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, under the leadership of Z.M.Datsenko, Cand.Sc. (Biol.), during 1991-2010. The laboratory researchers have developed new technologies for production of medicines of lipid-protein nature, which are based on endogenous complexes of biologically active substances included in the composition of biomembranes of different origin. The researchers have created new technologies for drug PANTOCRINE (for injections and oral administration) from antlers of deers and horns of farm animals that have significantly higher biological activity compared with the commercial drug. They have also created new biologically active drugs from antlers with a specific action: HIPPOCAMP, reducing blood pressure in various forms of hypertension, and PANTERON – biological regulator of synthesis of steroid hormones. Further the researchers have developed technologies for obtaining biologically active complexes of various specific action from marine organisms (calamari, clams mussels, shellfish): CALMOFIL and MOLUFIL, therapeutic agents for replacement therapy of surfactant system of the lungs; FILOMEK, the agent for prophylaxis and treatment of a human reproductive system disorders; MOLUSTERON, the glicolipopeptide complex, three individual physiologically active compositions being differentially obtained from the latter: lipopeptide composition – for treatment of hypertension, nucleopeptide one – for treatment of hormonal disorders, and phospholipid – for treatment of lung diseases under the surfactant shortage.
The effect of N-stearoylethanolamine on liver phospholipid composition of rats with insulin resistance caused by alimentary obesity
O. V. Onopchenko, G. V. Kosiakova, T. M. Goridko, V. M. Klimashevsky, N. M. Hula
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: onop.89.av@mail.ru
We used alimentary obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) model in rats to investigate the influence of N-stearoylethanolamine on the content of phospholipids and their fatty acid composition. Our results show that prolonged high-fat diet triggers considerable aberrations in the composition of main phospholipids in the liver and can be one of the causes of IR in rats. In particular, the increase of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and significant decrease of other phospholipids: lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine and diphosphaglicerol were observed. The levels of monounsaturated (erucic, nervonic, oleic) and polyunsaturated (eicosatrienoic, docosatrienoic, arachidonic) fatty acids were increased; meanwhile the content of diunsaturated acids was decreased. The NSE administration (50 mg/kg of body weight) caused restoration of the phospholipids content in the liver of rats with diet-induced IR that highly correlated with the decrease in plasma insulin level and the improvement of insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the effect of NSE was accompanied by the normalization of fatty acids composition of phospholipids that could be related to modulating influence of NSE on the activity of the main fatty acid desaturases. It is known that the imbalance in phospholipid composition of the rat liver causes substantial metabolic alterations that are associated with the development of IR. Accordingly, the compensations of the imbalance by NSE can help to restore insulin sensitivity, inhibit the development of obesity, IR and type 2 diabetes.
Fatty acid composition of phospholipids and esterified cholesterol of the blood plasma of rabbit under arginine acute pancreatitis
O. O. Hopanenko, J. F. Rivis
Institute for Agriculture Region of Carpathian, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lviv;
e-mail: hopanenko@gmail.com
The content and fatty acid composition of phospholipids and esterified cholesterol were studied in the blood plasma of rabbits under acute arginine pancreatitis and its correction using linseed oil. It is established that the transport and anti-inflammatory functions of blood plasma deteriorates under acute arginine pancreatitis due to a decrease of the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids. The amount of cholesterol esterified with saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids increases in the blood plasma of rabbits. The concentration of phospholipids and esterified cholesterol is normalized and their fatty acid composition is improved in the lipid composition of the blood plasma of rabbits with acute arginine pancreatitis fed with linseed oil.