Tag Archives: superoxide dismutase
The level of nitric oxide and arginase activity in patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus during COVID-19
O. Y. Sklyarova1, S. R. Mahiiovych2, N. V. Denysenko3,
L. I. Kobylinska3*, Y. Y. Sklyarov2
1Department of Family Medicine FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine;
2Department of Therapy No 1 and Medical Diagnostics FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine;
3Department of Biological Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine;
*e-mail: lesyaivanivna.biochemistry@gmail.com
Received: 28 September 2022; Revised: 06 November 2022;
Accepted: 11 November 2022; Available on-line: 19 December 2022
The aim of this study was to assess the level of nitric oxide production and arginase activity in patients with arterial hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus during infection with SARS-CoV-2. The study groups included patients with arterial hypertension, patients with arterial hypertension combined with a severe course of COVID-19 and patients who, in addition to arterial hypertension and COVID-19, were suffering from type II diabetes mellitus. The volunteers without any clinical signs of diseases and normal blood pressure formed the control group. It has been established that arterial hypertension, combined with COVID-19 occurs along with reduced L-arginine, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase activity and increased arginase activity. At the same time, the presence of arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes and coronavirus disease is accompanied by a decline in the content of L-arginine and arginase activity. Our study’s results may help scientists find new pharmacological targets in the future treatment of coronavirus disease and comorbid disorders.
Crassula genus plants response to temperature stress depends on anatomical structure and antioxidant system
N. V. Nuzhyna*, M. M. Gaidarzhy, A. V. Holubenko
ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: nuzhynan@gmail.com
Received: 09 October 2020; Accepted: 15 May 2020
Plant adaptation to climate conditions of certain territories has emerged within the course of evolution, shows at all organizational levels from morphological-anatomical to biochemical and is embedded into the plant genes. Survival of plants in such conditions as rapid temperature drops and rises in the range of 20 °C or more depends on their biochemical defense system’s ability to quickly respond to such stress, as well as on the plant’s structural features. Therefore, our goal was to analyze changes of biochemical parameters under conditions of abrupt hyperthermia in four species of Crassula Linne genus and to establish the connection between their anatomical and morphological features and the peculiarities of the biochemical reactions. Plants of Crassula brevifolia Harvey, Crassula lanuliginosa Harvey, Crassula muscosa Linne and Сrassula perfoliata var. minor (Haworth) G.D. Rowley species were held in air thermostats at 40 °C and 50 °C for 3 h, the control temperature being 26 °C. Stress response was analyzed by malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity and pigments content. Additionally, anatomical structure of the leaves was investigated. Antioxidant response to short-term high temperature varied in different species of the Crassula genus by its directionality and intensity, and depended on the anatomical features of the plant. The additional protective mechanisms were involved in the least heat-resistant plants, such as increased carotenoids and flavonoids contents. More powerful SOD and peroxidase activities under rapid heating in plants with more effective protection at the anatomical level were showed.
Antioxidative effect of the N-stearoylethanolamine in the heart tissue and blood plasma of rats under doxorubicin treatment
I. A. Goudz, N. M. Gula, T. O. Khmel, T. M. Goridko, A. G. Berdyshev
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: ngula@biochem.kiev.ua
The influence of N-stearoylethanolamine on the alterated antioxidant enzyme activity in the heart tissue and blood plasma of rats under the doxorubicin treatment was investigated. It was shown that doxorubicin administration caused the decrease of antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in the heart tissue. Administration of the NSE promoted the partial normalization of these enzymes activity. It was shown that doxorubicin treatment caused the increase of the urea and creatinine level in the blood plasma of experimental animals. The NSE administration normalized the level of the urea and did not affect creatinine level.
Influence of salicylic and succinic acids on formation of active oxygen forms in wheat coleoptiles
Yu. Ye. Kolupaev, T. O. Yastreb, M. V. Shvidenko, Yu. V. Karpets
V. V. Dokuchaev Kharkiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine;
e-mail: plant_biology@mail.ru
The comparative study of influence of exogenous salicylic (SaA) and succinic (SuA) acids on the production of reactive oxygen species by isolated wheat coleoptiles has been provided. Under the action of both acids the increase of generation of superoxide anion-radical (O2•–) was observed. This increase was partially suppressed by treatment of coleoptiles with inhibitors of peroxidase (salicylhydroxamic acid) and NADP·H-oxidase (imidazole and α-naphthol). The increase of hydrogen peroxide content, activity of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was registered under the influence of SaA and SuA; catalase activity did not change essentially. The treatment of coleoptiles with the indicated acids resulted in the increase of their resistance to abiotic stress (damaging heating, 43±0.1 °С, 10 min). The conclusion is made, that the increase of O2•– generation in wheat coleoptiles under the action of SaA and SuA is related, probably, to the increase of apoplast peroxidase and NADP·H-oxidase activity, and the rise of H2O2 content is related to the growth of SOD activity. These enzymatic systems are involved in the induction of plant cells protective reactions to the hyperthermia.
Induction of plant cells heat resistance by hydrogen sulfide donor is mediated by H(2)O(2) generation with participation of NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase
Yu. E. Kolupaev1,2, E. N. Firsova1, Т. О. Yastreb1
1V.V. Dokuchaev Kharkiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine;
e-mail: plant_biology@ukr.net;
2V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine
The participation of enzymatic systems carrying out generation and conversion of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in realization of the stress-protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on wheat coleoptile cells was investigated. It has been shown that the treatment of isolated coleoptiles with a 100 μM hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) caused a transient enhancement of the generation of superoxide anion radical (O2•–), an increase of hydrogen peroxide content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in them. The increase in ROS generation was eliminated by the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase imidazole, but not by the peroxidase inhibitor sodium azide. Treatment of coleoptiles with SOD inhibitor sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) enhanced the generation of O2•– and neutralized the effect of increasing H2O2 content induced by NaHS. One day after treatment with the H2S donor, the generation of ROS decreased to a control level, while the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased markedly and the resistance of coleoptiles to damaging heating was increased. These effects of the hydrogen sulfide donor were eliminated by coleoptiles’ treatment with inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (imidazole) and SOD (DDC). It was concluded that both NADPH oxidase, generating O2•– , and SOD, which turns it into H2O2 performing signaling functions, are involved in the formation of a signal that induces protective systems and causes an increase in heat resistance of plant cells.
Changes in oxidative stress intensity in blood of tumor-bearing rats following different modes of administration of rhenium-platinum system
K. L. Shamelashvili1, N. I. Shtemenko2, І. V. Leus3, S. O. Babiy4, O. V. Shtemenko5
1SE “Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy” of Health Ministry of Ukraine;
2Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
3University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma-city, USA;
4Institute of Gastroenterology, National Academy of Medical Sciences
of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk;
5Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipropetrovsk;
e-mail: shamelashvili@rambler.ru
Effects of the different modes of administration of dichlorotetra-μ-isobutyratodirhenium(ІІІ) – І – (in water solution, liposomes, nanoliposomes and together with cisplatin – in the rhenium-platinum system) on the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LP) in blood plasma and the activity of the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes were investigated on the model of tumor growth. A decrease in the concentration of TBA-active substances caused by dirhenium compounds was shown to be independent of the administration mode and the extent of the tumor growth inhibition. I was four-times more effective in inhibition of the LP burst than any known antioxidant. I induced the increasing activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and decreasing activity of catalase. In vitro experiments with native superoxide dismutase, the interaction of І with following activation of the active center of the enzyme was confirmed and the superoxide dismutase activity of І was shown, that may contribute to the enhancement of the enzyme activity in vivo. The cluster rhenium compounds may be promising nontoxic potent antioxidants capable of deactivating superoxide radicals.
Loach embryos prooxidant-antioxidant status under the influence of amide derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone
A. O. Bezkorovaynyj1,2, A. R. Zyn2, N. M. Harasym1, J. T. Len2,3, O. M. Figurka3, D. I. Sanagursky1
1Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine;
2Lviv Expert Center of Scientific Researches Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine;
3National University “Lviv Polytechnicа”, Ukraine;
e-mail: andriy.bezkorovajnyj@gmail.com
The mechanisms of disorders in cell functions induced by 1,4-naphthoquinone amide derivatives are not clarified yet. The article is dedicated to the study of features of these substances influence on loach Misgurnus fossilis L. embryos pro/antioxidant homeostasis during early embryogenesis. The aim of this work was to study the effect of 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-chloro-3-(3-oxo-3-(piperidine-1-yl)propylamine)-1,4-naphthoquinone (FO-1), 2-chloro-3-(3-(morpholine-4-yl)-3-oxopropylamine)-1,4-naphthoquinone (FO-2 at concentrations of 10-3, 10-5, 10-7 M on the content of TBA-reactive substances (a byproduct of lipid peroxidation) and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in loach embryos. It was established that 1,4-naphthoquinone amide derivatives and 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone decreased the content of lipid peroxidation products in embryo cells in a dose-dependent manner. The investigated compounds cause an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities compared with the control value. The results of the two-factor ANOVA test indicate that 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone amide derivatives (FO-1, FO-2) have predominant influence on the TBA-reactive substances content and superoxide dismutase activity. However, the time of loach embryos development has a more pronounced effect on catalase activity than the studied 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives.
Intensity of peroxidation processes and activity of antioxidant enzymes in rat tissues at high chromium level in the diet
R. Ya. Iskra, V. G. Yanovych
Institute of Animal Biology, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Lviv, Ukraine;
e-mail: ruslana_iskra@inenbiol.com.ua
The data on the influence of chromium in different tissues of rats at its consumption with mixed fodder in the form of CrCl3×6H2O on the intensity of peroxidation processes and activity of antioxidant enzymes are presented. The degree of high chromium content in the studied tissues of rats at its addition to mixed fodder in the amount of 200 µg/kg during 30 days was established. Chromium content in the rat tissues decreased in the order: the spleen, heart, kidneys, lungs, brain, liver, skeletal muscle. In all tissues of rats fed with mixed fodder with chromium addition, except for skeletal muscles, content of lipid peroxidation products – hydroperoxide and TBARS-products decreased. The content of lipid peroxidation products decreased in the spleen, kidneys, liver and lungs. Also in all organs and tissues of rats the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase increased at the action of chromium. In the brain and kidneys the level of reduced glutathione increased. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher not only in the heart and skeletal muscles of animals and is probably equal in the lungs and liver, and in other organs – the brain, kidneys and spleen in animals of the studied group the enzyme activity was lower as compared to animals of the control group. Obtained results demonstrate the regulatory influence of chromium on free radical process in the rat tissues.