Category Archives: Uncategorized
Antibacterial action of novel zeolite-based compositions depends upon doping with Ag(+) and Сu(2+) cations
N. O. Manko1*, O. O. Ilkov2, O. Yu. Klyuchivska1, V. O. Vasylechko3,4,
V. V. Sydorchuk5, N. P. Kovalska6, O. I. Kostiv3, S. R. Bagday3,
A. V. Zelinskiy3, O. M. Gromyko7, N. V. Skrypchenko8,
Yа. M. Kalychak3, R. S. Stoika1
1Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis,
Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;
2Halychpharm, Lviv, Ukraine;
3Faculty of Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine;
4Department of Food Technology, Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Lviv, Ukraine;
5Department of Heterogeneous Catalytic Oxidation Processes, Institute of Sorption
and Problems of Endoecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
6Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Bogomolets National
Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine;
7Faculty of Biology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine;
8Department of Fruit Plants Acclimatization, M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
*e-mail: mankonazarcb@gmail.com
Received: 01 July 2024; Revised: 23 August 2024;
Accepted: 07 October 2024; Available on-line: 28 October 2024
Recently, there is a growing interest to exploration of sorption and catalytic properties of solid nanomaterials, in particular natural zeolites, as well as to study of their antimicrobial effects with the aim of potential using them as a principal component of disinfection and degassing remedies. The purpose of this work was to study the antimicrobial action of compositions based on the Transcarpathian clinoptilolite (CL) doped with Ag+ and Сu2+ cations or Ag microparticles (MPs). These compositions were subjected to mechanochemical modification in ethanol medium and with the addition of plant (Actinidia arguta) extract used as an antioxidant. Mechanochemical treatment (MChT) of all forms of CL MPs led to their grinding which caused better contact of CL with bacterial cells, while an increased content of larger pores improved their access to the active sites on the surface of the CL MPs. Treatment of CL samples with metallic silver used as a dopant with the help of the extract of Actinidia arguta plant did not increase the antibacterial activity regardless of treatment time. Treatment of AgNO3 with ethanol slightly increased the antibacterial action of the CL MPs towards Gram-positive bacteria and decreased it towards Gram-negative bacteria. The CL samples doped with copper and treated with ethanol and plant (Actinidia arguta) extract demonstrated comparable toxic action towards Bacillus subtilis regardless of grinding conditions. While such a treatment caused a significant decrease in the antibacterial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, compared to the action of samples that were not treated with that plant extract. To address the potential biochemical mechanisms of the antibacterial action of the created zeolite-based compositions, their influence on generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPH) fluorescent dye. Most versions of the CL composites demonstrated time-dependent antioxidant effect comparable with the effect of the ascorbic acid used as a positive control. Thus, the ROS generation is not the mechanism that is responsible for the antibacterial action of the created CL-based compositions. Probably, that action is explained by the peculiarities of interaction of doped CL microparticles with the surface of the bacterial cells.
Short-term reduction in feed intake by dairy cows in the postpartum period leads to subclinical ketosis development
V. Vlizlo1,2*, O. Stasiv1, H. Sedilo1,
N. Fedak1, M. Petryshyn1, R. Voloshyn1
1Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian Region the National Academy
of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyne Lviv district of Lviv region, Ukraine;
2Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine
and Biotechnologies Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: vasyl.vlizlo@lvet.edu.ua
Received: 22 May 2024; Revised: 08 August 2024;
Accepted: 07 October 2024; Available on-line: 28 October 2024
Subclinical ketosis is widespread in highly productive dairy cows after calving and often remains undiagnosed, leading to reduced productivity. Physiologically controlled feeding in the first weeks after calving and during the intensive lactation period can reduce the incidence of ketosis. The study aimed to determine how a short-term reduction of feed after calving affects the formation of ketone bodies in blood, urine and milk of dairy cows. The group of ten Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breed cows after calving aged from 4 to 6 years was involved in the experiment lasted for 72 h. In 24 h the amount of compound feed, haylage, and silage received by cows was gradually reduced until complete exclusion in the diet. Blood, urine, and milk samples were collected three times a day. The content of ketone bodies, β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose was estimated with the corresponding sets of indicator strips. The content of total bilirubin, cholesterol, albumin and enzymes activity in the blood serum were determined on biochemical analyzer. It was found that in 24 h after the beginning of feed reduction the level of blood glucose decreased, persistent hypoglycemia within 48 and 72 h was developed, the concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate in blood and milk and of ketone bodies in urine was elevated. The increase in total bilirubin concentration and liver enzymes activity in the blood serum with a simultaneous decrease in albumin level and delayed sodium propionate conversion into glucose were observed. Thus, short-term reduction in feed intake by dairy cows after calving causes ketosis development and violation of liver functions.
Indices of carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant system state during germination of aged wheat and triticale seeds treated with H(2)S donor
T. O. Yastreb1, A. I. Kokorev1, A. I. Dyachenko2,
M. V. Shevchenko3, M. M. Marenych4, Yu. E. Kolupaev1,4*
1Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy
of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv;
2Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
3State Biotechnological University, Kharkiv, Ukraine;
4Poltava State Agrarian University, Poltava, Ukraine;
*e-mail: plant_biology@ukr.net
Received: 06 August 2024; Revised: 03 September 2024;
Accepted: 07 October 2024; Available on-line: 28 October 2024
Hydrogen sulfide is a gasotransmitter molecule involved in the realization of many functions of the plant organism, including seed germination. Aging of seeds is shown to be accompanied by oxidative stress and reduced germination. The effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on the germination of aged cereal seeds has not been studied. The aim of the work was to estimate the effect of priming with NaHS as an H2S donor on wheat and triticale seeds previously subjected to natural aging. Seeds of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and winter ×Triticosecale were stored indoors for 4 years at fluctuating temperature and humidity. Aged seeds were treated with 0.2-5 mM NaHS solution for 3 h and germinated in Petri dishes for 3 days. The hydropriming treatment was used as a control. Amylase activity in grains, the biomass of shoots and roots, the content of total sugars, H2O2, lipid peroxidation products and anthocyanin, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings were determined. It was shown that after the treatment with H2S donor, the activities of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase, as well as the content of anthocyanins were increased only in triticale seedlings. Nevertheless, treatment of seeds of both cereal species was followed by enhanced growth of shoots and roots, increase in amylase and superoxide dismutase activities, decrease in H2O2 and MDA contents, and elevated accumulation of sugars in shoots. It is concluded that the increase in germination of aged cereal seeds under the influence of H2S donor is caused by increased mobilization of reserve carbohydrates and modulation of antioxidant system activity. Such treatment can be considered as an effective tool to improve seedling growth.
Effect of electronic smoking (Vaping) on thyroid hormones level and lipid profile in men
N. Hasan1, N. A. Nasser2, A. D. Hussein3, O. A. Mohsein4,5*
1Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq;
2College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq;
3Departement of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science,
University of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq;
4Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques,
Mazaya University College, Nasiriyah, Iraq;
5Central Laboratory Department, Thi-Qar Health Directorate,
*e-mail: osamaakram889@gmail.com
Received: 01 May 2024; Revised: 18 June 2024;
Accepted: 07 October 2024; Available on-line: 28 October 2024
In the last period, the market quickly became saturated with vaping devices available in many flavors and forms appealing to youth. Both traditional cigarette and e-cigarette smoking are known to potentially alter metabolic processes, including hormone production and to increase the risk of lung, heart and kidney diseases. The aim of the study was to estimate the level of thyroid hormones and lipids in the blood of young men who smoked traditional or e-cigarettes. A case-control study involved 200 men aged 24-25 years who smoked 5-7 h per day, divided into two groups (100 e-cigarette smokers and 100 cigarette smokers) and 50 healthy men who did not smoke. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were measured using COBAS E411. The levels of total cholesterol, TG, LDL and HDL were estimated spectrophotometrically. No significant changes were found in thyroid hormone levels or lipid profiles, except for an increased TG content in the group of traditional cigarette smokers compared to the control group. Whereas in the blood of e-smokers, the increase in the level of FT3 and FT4 and a significant decrease in that of TSH, as well as the elevated content of total cholesterol, TG, and LDL, were detected compared to the control group. The results obtained indicate that e-smoking affects the function of the thyroid gland and lipid metabolism.
Bacteriophage–derived double-stranded RNA (larifan) exerts variable effects on human blood monocytes depending on age and sex of donors
R. Dovhyi1*, M. Rudyk1, T. Serhiichuk1, Yu. Yumyna1,
A. Dvukhriadkina1, K. Ostrovska1, D. Pjanova2, L. Skivka1
1ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
2Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia;
*e-mail: roman_dovhyi@knu.ua
Received: 26 July 2024; Revised: 17 September 2024;
Accepted: 07 October 2024; Available on-line: 28 October 2024
To date, great attention is paid to sex and age differences in the therapeutic effectiveness of drugs, including those that impact the immune system. Bacteriophage-derived dsRNA is the main component of the medicinal product Larifan, which exhibits interferonogenic activity. This study aimed to estimate the effect of Larifan on the activation status of human peripheral blood monocytes collected from donors of different ages and sex. Blood samples were obtained from the healthy volunteers, divided into 4 groups: young men and young women aged from 20 to 39 years, aged men and aged women from 54 to 69 years old. EDTA-anticoagulated blood samples were exposed to 200 μg/ml Larifan for 30 min, cells were washed and treated to study phagocytic index, ROS generation and expression of phenotypic markers. Only live monocytes selected by flow cytometry were included in the analysis. It was shown that monocytes from young as well as from aged females turned out to be quite inert to the treatment with Larifan. Monocytes from young males after the treatment demonstrated a minor decrease in phagocytic activity and significant down-regulation of ROS generation. Monocytes from aged adults showed clear sex-based differences in the basal cell phenotype. Thus, compared to monocytes from women, the monocytes from men over 50 after the treatment with Larifan showed decreased phagocytic activity and CD86 expression along with increased CD206 expression. Taken together, these results indicate the need for further studies of Larifan focused on developing personalized treatment depending on the age and sex of an individual.