Tag Archives: oxidative stress
Intensity of oxidative stress and activity of angiotensin converting enzyme in blood of patients with uncomplicated pyelonephritis
L. V. Korol, L. Ya. Mygal, N. M. Stepanova
State Institution Institute of Nephrology, National Academy
of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: lesyakorol@meta.ua
The purpose of this work was to study the correlation between oxidative stress (OS) marker and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in patients with chronic kidney disease stages I-II (uncomplicated pyelonephritis). The 32 patients with uncomplicated pyelonephritis and 30 healthy volunteers (women, age – 18-40 years) were involved in this study. The content of thiobarbituric acid reactive products, protein carbonyl groups, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, the SH-groups, the total peroxidase activity of erythrocytes were determined by colorimetric method. OS index was calculated. To evaluate the functional state of the renal parenchyma the activity of tubular lysosome enzymes a total β-N-acetylhexosaminidase and β-galactosidase were determined in urine. The correlation analysis between activities of ACE and OS was performed. The ACE increased activity was shown on the background of violations of pro/antioxidant balance. The correlation analysis confirmed the presence of a moderate relationship between ACE activity and the majority of the studied parameters. Thus, an increase in ACE activity, intensification of oxidative processes, decrease of antioxidant defense contributes to the development of local OS, as well as the development of dysfunction in renal tubular system (according to the increased activity of renal specific enzymes in the urine).
Changes in oxidative stress intensity in blood of tumor-bearing rats following different modes of administration of rhenium-platinum system
K. L. Shamelashvili1, N. I. Shtemenko2, І. V. Leus3, S. O. Babiy4, O. V. Shtemenko5
1SE “Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy” of Health Ministry of Ukraine;
2Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
3University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma-city, USA;
4Institute of Gastroenterology, National Academy of Medical Sciences
of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk;
5Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipropetrovsk;
e-mail: shamelashvili@rambler.ru
Effects of the different modes of administration of dichlorotetra-μ-isobutyratodirhenium(ІІІ) – І – (in water solution, liposomes, nanoliposomes and together with cisplatin – in the rhenium-platinum system) on the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LP) in blood plasma and the activity of the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes were investigated on the model of tumor growth. A decrease in the concentration of TBA-active substances caused by dirhenium compounds was shown to be independent of the administration mode and the extent of the tumor growth inhibition. I was four-times more effective in inhibition of the LP burst than any known antioxidant. I induced the increasing activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and decreasing activity of catalase. In vitro experiments with native superoxide dismutase, the interaction of І with following activation of the active center of the enzyme was confirmed and the superoxide dismutase activity of І was shown, that may contribute to the enhancement of the enzyme activity in vivo. The cluster rhenium compounds may be promising nontoxic potent antioxidants capable of deactivating superoxide radicals.
Tissue specificity of lipid peroxidation under emotional stress in rats
K. O. Menabde, G. M. Burjanadze, M. V. Сhachua,
Z. T. Kuchukashvili, N. I. Koshoridze
Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia;
e-mail: ketimenabde@yahoo.com
The intensity of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant system enzymes in the blood plasma, brain and cardial muscle of laboratory rats under 40 days of isolation and violation of diurnal cycle was studied. The obtained data show that on the background of concentration changes in NO changes also take place in the intensity of lipid peroxidation process, indicated by changes in the concentration of TBA-active products and diene conjugates.
The changes taking place in the activity of superoxidedismutase, catalase, succinatdehydrogenase, creatine kinase and aldolase under stress were studied.
The resulting data show that isolation of animals and violation of diurnal cycle are the factors causing a significant reduction in the energy metabolism in the brain and heart tissue cells and resulting in oxidative stress that, in its turn, may become the reason for development of toxic radicals.
Furthermore, prolonged stress may result in irreversible processes that are considered to be the reasons for significant pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
Mild oxidative stress in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster caused by products of sucrose splitting
B. M. Rovenko, O. V. Lushchak, O. V. Lozinsky,
O. I. Kubrak, V. I. Lushchak
Vassyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine;
e-mail: olehl@pu.if.ua
The influence of 6% sucrose and equimolar mixture of glucose and fructose in larva diet on the level of oxidized proteins and lipids as well as the activity of antioxidant and associated enzymes in adult fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster was investigated. Larva growing on the diet with sucrose led to the mild oxidative stress development in adult insects, which was differently expressed in both sexes. In males mainly molecules of proteins were subjected to oxidative damages, whereas in females – lipid molecules. This is evidenced by 77% increased content of protein carbonyl groups and decreased (by 40%) level of protein SH-groups in males fed on sucrose. In females fed on sucrose the content of lipid peroxides was by 44% higher, than in individuals, hold on the diet with equimolar mixture of glucose and fructose. The oxidative stress in females was accompanied with increased activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and thiredoxin reductase by 30, 15 and 34%, respectively. The obtained results suggest that uptake mode of glucose and fructose affects free radical processes in fruit flies.
Biological aspects of non-enzymatic glycosylation
L. М. Lozinska, H. М. Semchyshyn
Vassyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine;
е-mail: semchyshyn@pu.if.ua
Non-enzymatic reactions commonly play an ambiguous role in living organism. It is well known that non-enzymatic glycosylation may lead to disruption of the structure and function of biomolecules, thus initiating the development and accompanying different diseases. On the other hand, under certain conditions the products of non-enzymatic glycosylation act as signaling molecules and play an important role in the immune response. Data concerning the influence of non-enzymatic glycosylation and carbonyl stress on living organisms are summarized in the work. The role of reactive carbonyl compounds and reducing carbohydrates in glycation of biomolecules, involvement of non-enzymatic glycosylation in carbonyl stress development and interplay between glycation and free radical processes in living organisms are summarized. The basic ways to prevent glycation and formation of reactive carbonyl compounds that induce carbonyl stress are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the role of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to study the glycation processes in vivo.
Effect of short-term salt stress on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes activity in tocopherol-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana plants
N. M. Semchuk, Yu. V. Vasylyk, Ok. V. Lushchak, V. I. Lushchak
Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine;
e-mail: lushchak@pu.if.ua
Changes of carotenoids and anthocyanins content, lipid peroxidation, and activity of antioxidant enzymes were studied in wild type and tocopherol-deficient lines vte1 and vte4 of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to 200 mM NaCl during 24 h. The salt stress enhanced the intensity of lipid peroxidation to different extent in all three plant lines. Salt stress resulted in an increase of carotenoid content and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione reductase in wild type and tocopherol-deficient vte1 mutant. However, the increase in anthocyanins concentration was observed in vte1 mutants only. In vte4 mutant, which contain γ-tocopherol instead of α-tocopherol, the response to salt stress occurred via coordinative action of superoxide dismutase and enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle, in particular, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase. It can be concluded, that salt stress was accompanied by oxidative stress in three studied lines, however different mechanisms involved in adaptation of wild type and tocopherol-deficient lines to salt stress.
Effect of sodium chloride and nitroprusside on protein carbonyl groups content and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves of corn seedlings Zea mays L.
Yu. V. Vasylyk1, N. M. Semchuk1, Ok. V. Lushchak2, V. I. Lushchak1
1Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology,
2Botanical Gardens of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University,
Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine;
e-mail: lushchak@pu.if.ua
The effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and sodium chloride (NaCl) on protein carbonyl group content and activity of antioxidant enzymes was investigated in leaves of maize seedlings. Incubation with NaCl and SNP+NaCl increased the content of carbonyl proteins after 24 h. Treatment with SNP+NaCl during 48 h showed lower and after 72 h higher carbonyl protein content than that in the control. Catalase activity was higher in the leaves of SNP+NaCl-treated than in the leaves of SNP-treated seedlings after 24 h. Ascorbate peroxidase activity increased after incubation with 0.2 mM SNP for 24 h. Significant increment of guaiacol peroxidase activity was obtained in all treated groups in comparison with the control after 72 h. Glutathione-S-transferase activity increased after 48 h seedling treatment with NaCl or SNP and 72 h seedling incubation with NaCl. Under experimental conditions used, glutathione reductase activity was virtually not affected. It is proposed that SNP can be used to prevent salt-induced oxidative stress in maize.
Antioxidant and antitumor activity of dirhenium dicarboxylates in animals with Guerin carcinoma
I. V. Leus1, K. L. Shamelashvili1, O. D. Skorik1, S. Y. Tretyak2,
O. A. Golichenko2, O. V. Shtemenko2, N. I. Shtemenko1
1Oles Gonchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Ukraine;
2Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipropetrovsk;
e-mail: ingaleus@mail.ru
The antioxidant and anticancer properties of dirhenium dicarboxylates of cis- and trans-configuration with different organic ligands in a model of tumor growth (Guerin carcinoma) were studied. It was shown that compounds of different configuration had similar antitumor effect, and dirhenium (III) cis-dicarboxylates were characterized by higher antioxidant activity and degree of activation of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) in comparison with trans-isomers. The dependence between the structure of dirhenium (III) dicarboxylates and their ability to activate erythrocyte SOD in the model of tumor growth was shown for the first time. The in vitro studies have shown that rhenium compounds of cis- and trans-configuration interacted similarly with erythrocyte SOD, changing the protein secondary structure. In contrast to trans-dicarboxylate, for cis-dicarboxylate the SOD-like activity was demonstrated to be on the first minutes of the xantine-oxidase reaction. The studied features of the interaction between rhenium compounds and SOD in vitro explain only partly the activation of SOD in experiments in vivo. The attempt is made to explain the differences in the mechanisms of antioxidant activity of dirhenium cis- and trans-dicarboxylates.
Nicotinamide influence on pancreatic cells viability
Т. М. Kuchmerovska1, G. V. Donchenko1, T. M. Tychonenko1, M. M. Guzyk1,
R. V. Stavniichuk1, L. V. Yanitska2, S. P. Stepanenko1, А. P. Klimenko1
1Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv;
2Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine;
e-mail: kuch@biochem.kiev.ua
The study was undertaken to investigate the modulating effect of nicotinamide (NAm) in different concentrations and under different glucose concentrations on the viability and oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 5 mmol/l) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 100 µmol/l) on isolated rat pancreatic cells of the Langerhans islets in vitro. Cell viability did not depend on the concentration of glucose in the range of 5-20 mmol/l, and in subsequent studies we used glucose in concentration of 10 mmol/l to protect cells against its hypo- and hyperglycemic action. Cytoprotective effect of NAm in concentrations from 5 to 20 mmol/l on cells survival was the same. It was found that the destructive action of STZ and H2O2 during 24 hours on isolated cells of the pancreas resulted in the significant cell death. It was revealed that NAm in concentration of 5 mmol/l not only had cytoprotective effects against STZ and H2O2 but also partially reduced the level of oxidative stress in the investigated cells induced by these compounds. High concentration of NAm, 35 mmol/l, causes cytotoxic effect on the viability of pancreatic islet cells and increase of oxidative stress induced by STZ and H2O2.
Most likely these effects could be associated with direct modulatory action of NAm on important effector mechanisms involved in cell death, including PARP-dependent processes, or/and indirectly, through metabolic and antioxidant effects of the compound.