Tag Archives: antioxidant system
Gamma-aminobutyric acid modulates antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in seedlings of Triticum aestivum cultivars differing in drought tolerance
Yu. E. Kolupaev1,2,3*, I. V. Shakhov1,3, A. I. Kokorev1,
L. Kryvoruchko2, T. O. Yastreb1,4
1Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv;
*e-mail: plant_biology@ukr.net;
2Poltava State Agrarian University, Poltava, Ukraine;
3State Biotechnological University, Kharkiv, Ukraine;
4Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Received: 28 August 2023; Revised: 30 September 2023;
Accepted: 27 October 2023; Available on-line: 06 November 2023
The stress-protective effects of plant neurotransmitters, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been intensively examined in recent years. However, studies on the GABA influence on stress protective systems in bread wheat cultivars with different drought adaptation strategies are still lacking. The aim of this work was to estimate the GABA effect on the state of antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in etiolated seedlings of two wheat cultivars differing significantly in drought tolerance, namely Doskonala (non-drought-resistant) and Tobak (drought-resistant) under model drought induced by PEG 6000. Two-day-old seedlings were transferred to 15% PEG 6000 and incubated for two days in the absence or presence of GABA. Treatment with 0.1 and 0.5 mM GABA significantly reduced the growth-inhibitory effect of PEG 6000 on the roots and shoots of both cultivars, but to a greater extent on those of non-resistant Doskonala. It was shown that GABA treatment reduced drought-induced accumulation of H2O2 and MDA, stabilized SOD and GPX activity, the level of sugars, anthocyanins and flavonoids in seedlings of both cultivars. Meanwhile GABA treatment enhanced the stress-induced increase in proline content in the Doskonala cultivar, but decreased it in the Tobak, completely prevented stress induced decrease in anthocyanins and flavonoids level in the Tobak and only partially in Doskonala cultivar. Thus, the stabilization of the stress-protective systems functioning in the wheat cultivars and variety-dependent differences in response to GABA were revealed.
Biochemical parameters of blood and tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle in chronically alcoholized rats under oral administration of C(60) fullerene aqueous solution
O. Motuziuk1,2, D. Nozdrenko2, S. Prylutska3,
K. Bogutska2, O. Korotkyi2, Yu. Prylutskyy2*
1Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine;
2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: prylut@ukr.net;
3National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, Kyiv
Received: 17 March 2023; Revised: 01 May 2023;
Accepted: 05 June 2023; Available on-line: 20 June 2023
Biochemical indices of blood and tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle chronically alcoholized (for 3, 6 and 9 months) rats were studied. С60 fullerene aqueous solution (C60FAS) was administered orally as a pharmacological agent at a dose of 1 mg/kg daily throughout the experiment in a three routes: 1 h before alcohol intake (preventive regimen), together with alcohol (therapeutic regimen I) and 1 h after alcohol intake (therapeutic regimen II). Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the level of creatinine, lactate, hydrogen peroxide, reduced glutathione were estimated with clinical diagnostic kits. A pronounced upward trend in creatinine and lactate content, CPK and LDH activity with increasing degree of alcoholic myopathy during experiment was detected. Administration of C60FAS was shown to reduce the biochemical indices of muscle injury and to reduce oxidative processes by maintaining the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems. The maximum positive effect was observed when C60FAS was administered together with alcohol (therapeutic regimen I). The results indicate on C60 fullerene ability to correct the pathological condition of the muscular system arising from alcohol intoxication.
Indices of antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in seedlings of winter wheat cultivars with different frost resistance
T. O. Yastreb1, Yu. E. Kolupaev1,2*, A. I. Kokorev1, B. E. Маkaova2,
N. I. Ryabchun1, O. A. Zmiievska1, G. D. Pospielova2
1Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv;
2Poltava State Agrarian University, Ukraine;
*e-mail: plant_biology@ukr.net
Received: 02 January 2023; Revised: 27 January 2023;
Accepted: 13 April 2023; Available on-line: 27 April 2023
The functioning of the stress-protective systems of wheat under the action of cold at the early stages of plant development remains poorly studied. The aim of this work was a comparative study of antioxidant activity and the content of sugars and proline as indicators of osmoprotective activity during cold adaptation of seedlings of seven winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars that differ significantly in frost resistance. The 3-day-old etiolated seedlings were hardened at 2°C for 6 days and then frozen for 5 h at -6 or -9°C. Two days after freezing, the survival of seedlings was assessed by their ability to grow. A decrease in ROS content, an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and guaiacol peroxidase and accumulation of sugars in the shoots of high-frost-resistant cultivars during hardening were detected. The absolute values of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity correlated positively with the frost resistance of seedlings. The negative correlation between the frost tolerance of the cultivars and the accumulation of proline in the seedlings during hardening was recorded. The possibility of using the studied biochemical indices for frost resistance screening of winter wheat varieties at the seedling stage was stated.
Prooxidant-antioxidant profile in tissues of rats under the action of thiosulfonate esters
N. M. Liubas1*, R. Ya. Iskra2, B. І. Kotyk1,
N. Ya. Monka3, V. I. Lubenets3
1Institute of Animal Biology, NAAS of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine;
2Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Lviv, Ukraine;
3Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine;
*e-mail: n_lubas@ukr.net
Received: 27 August 2022; Revised: 29 November 2022;
Accepted: 17 February 2023; Available on-line: 27 February 2023
Thiosulfonates are characterized by a wide spectrum of biological activity and have effective antimicrobial, antithrombotic, antitumor and antiparasitic effects. However, the use of synthetic sulfur-containing compounds for therapeutic and preventive purposes requires the study of their effect on the protective mechanisms of maintaining homeostasis, the antioxidant status of the body in particular. The aim of the study was to estimate lipid peroxidation process and the state of the antioxidant system in the kidneys, spleen, brain, and muscles of rats under the influence of newly synthesized sulfur-containing compounds of S-alkyl esters of thiosulfonic acids S-ethyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ETS), S-allyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ATS) and S-allyl-4-acetylaminobenzenethiosulfonate (AATS). Male Wistar rats kept on a standard diet were divided into four groups of 5 animals each: I (control), II, III, IV (experimental). The animals of the control group received additional 0.5 ml of oil and the animals of the experimental groups 0.5 ml of oil solution of thiosulfonate esters once a day. The animals of II, III and IV groups were given ETS, ATS, AATS at the rate of 100 mg per kg of body weight. The lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), TBA-active products, GSH content and activity of SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase in tissue homogenates were determined. The multidirectional changes of the studied indicators after consumption of S-alkyl esters of thiosulfonic acids for 21 days have been identified and characterized indicating on different degree of inhibition or activation of LPO processes depending on the type of tissue and the structure of thiosulfonate ester.
Prooxidant and antioxidant processes in the liver homogenate of healthy and tumor-bearing mice under the action of thiazole derivatives
Ya. R. Shalai1*, M. V. Popovych1, S. M. Mandzynets1,
V. P. Hreniukh1, N. S. Finiuk1,2, A. M. Babsky1
1Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine;
2Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;
*e-mail: Yaryna.Shalay@lnu.edu.ua
Received: 12 October 2021; Accepted: 17 May 2021
Thiazole derivatives were shown to have toxic effects in vitro on cancer cells of different origin and can be considered as potentially antineoplastic, but their effect on the normal tissues needs to be studied. In this research the newly synthesized thiazole derivatives of N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1-benzo-furan-2-carboxamide (BF1) and 8-methyl-2-Me-7-[trifluoromethyl-phenylmethyl]-pyrazolo [4,3-e] [1,3] thiazolo [3,2-a] pyrimidin-4 (2H)-one (PP2) were used and their effect on the pro- and antioxidant processes after adding in a 1, 10 and 50 μM concentrations to the liver homogenate of healthy and NK/Ly lymphoma-bearing mice was estimated. The level of superoxide radical and TBA-active products as well as catalase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity were measured. It was shown that superoxide radical and TBA-active products level and catalase activity were significantly higher in the liver of tumor-bearing mice than in the liver of the healthy mice. Neither BF1 no PP2 influenced the studied indices in the liver homogenate of healthy and tumor-bearing animals with the exception that PP2 significantly reduced the level of TBA-positive products in both cases. The data obtained showed that the studied thiazole derivatives did not cause severe liver toxicity in both healthy and tumor-bearing mice.
Effects of ethylthiosulfanylate and chromium (VI) on the state of pro/antioxidant system in rat liver
B. І. Kotyk1, R. Ya. Iskra1, O. M. Slivinska1, N. M. Liubas1,
A. Z. Pylypets1, V. I. Lubenets2, V. I. Pryimych3
1Institute of Animal Biology, NAAS of Ukraine, Lviv;
2Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine;
3Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Ukraine;
e-mail: kicyniabo@gmail.com
Received: 04 April 2020; Accepted: 25 June 2020
Ethylthiosulfanylate is alkyl ester of thiosulfoacid and belongs to the class of thiosulfonate compounds. Structurally, thiosulfonates are synthetic analogues of natural phytoncides. It is known that, natural organic sulfur-containing compounds are characterized by antioxidant and detoxification properties against heavy metals toxicity. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of ethylthiosulfanylate, as a synthetic analogue of natural phytoncides, on the state of the pro/antioxidant system in the liver of laboratory rats exposed to Cr(VI). It was found that ethylthiosulfanylate exposure at a dose 100 mg/kg body weight daily for 14 days led to a decrease in the intensity of increasing of the lipid hydroperoxides (LHP) content in the rat liver caused by Cr(VI) action. In addition, ethylthiosulfanylate pretreatment prevented depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) pool under the action of potassium dichromate oxidative stress and performed the accumulation of cellular GSH in rat liver.
The liver and kidneys biochemical indices at the experimental pancreatitis in case of the administration of nitric oxide synthesis modulators and recombinant superoxide dismutase
O. Z. Yaremchuk, K. A. Posokhova
SHEI «I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University», Ukraine;
e-mail: yaremchukolya@rambler.ru
The rats liver and kidneys function indices were studied in case of administration of recombinant superoxide dismutase drug, precursor of nitric oxide L-arginine and the blocker of inducible NO-synthase aminoguanidine. The disturbances in functioning of prooxidant-antioxidant system (a decrease of activity of superoxide dismutase, katalaze, amount of restored glutathione, growth of the level of hydroperoxide lipids, TBA-active products), mitochondrial electron-transport pathways (a decrease in activity of succinatedehydrogenaze, cytochrome oxydaze), a rise of nitrite-anion level in the liver and kidneys, increase of α-amylase activity and tumor necrosis factor α serum concentration were established on the model of pancreas injury in white male rats. Under these circumstances aminoguanidine attenuated the oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys due to normalization of nitric oxide synthesis. The ability to activate the antioxidant system was proved by combined usage of recombinant superoxide dismutase and aminoguanidine. It was determined that recombinant superoxide dismutase partially decreases the negative influence of L-arginine and improves the biochemical indices of the liver and kidneys function in rats with acute experimental pancreatitis.
Tissue specificity of lipid peroxidation under emotional stress in rats
K. O. Menabde, G. M. Burjanadze, M. V. Сhachua,
Z. T. Kuchukashvili, N. I. Koshoridze
Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia;
e-mail: ketimenabde@yahoo.com
The intensity of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant system enzymes in the blood plasma, brain and cardial muscle of laboratory rats under 40 days of isolation and violation of diurnal cycle was studied. The obtained data show that on the background of concentration changes in NO changes also take place in the intensity of lipid peroxidation process, indicated by changes in the concentration of TBA-active products and diene conjugates.
The changes taking place in the activity of superoxidedismutase, catalase, succinatdehydrogenase, creatine kinase and aldolase under stress were studied.
The resulting data show that isolation of animals and violation of diurnal cycle are the factors causing a significant reduction in the energy metabolism in the brain and heart tissue cells and resulting in oxidative stress that, in its turn, may become the reason for development of toxic radicals.
Furthermore, prolonged stress may result in irreversible processes that are considered to be the reasons for significant pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
Antioxidant system activation in rats with experimental cirrhosis after injection of cryopreserved fetal liver cells
О. V. Ochenashko1, Yu. V. Nikitchenko2, А. S. Lebedinsky1,
A. N. Sukach1, A. Yu. Petrenko1
1Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv;
2Research Institute of Biology, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv
National University, Ukraine;
e-mail: ochenashko@ukr.net
The possibility to recover the antioxidant system in rats with experimental liver cirrhosis (LC) after allo- and xenotransplantation of cryopreserved fetal liver cells (FLC) was investigated. It was shown that the content of lipid peroxidation products in the blood serum of animals with LC four weeks after FLC transplantation decreased significantly as compared to control group. Such changes were accompanied by a significant increase of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity in the liver and total anti-oxidative activity (AOA) of blood.
Obtained results demonstrate that the main direction of FLC effects in animals with LC agree with that we observed previously in other experimental models (partial hepatectomy, chronic alcohol poisoning and hypercholesterolemia). In conclusion, cell therapy may be considered as the universal method for correction of disorders in regulation of free-radical processes in various experimental pathologies.
Oxidative stress in blood leukocytes, pro/antioxidanт status and fatty acids composition of pancreas lipids at experimental acute pancreatitis in rats
I. B. Pryvrotska1, T. M. Kuchmerovska2
1I. Нorbachevsky Ternopyl State Medical University, Ukraine;
2Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv;
e-mail: irina.privrotska@yandex.uа
In an experimental model of acute pancreatitis (АP) in rats no alteration in leukocyte’s viability was found by flow cytometry as compared to control. After 1 day of AP production of reactive oxygen forms in granulocytes was increased more than 5 times, but after 3 days their level was decreased. Alterations of pro/antioxidant status and specific changes in the fatty acid composition in the pancreas were established. With the development of AP, the processes of lipids peroxidation were intensified while antioxidant system was altered, that was evidenced by inflammation in the pancreas. In these conditions, the increase of phospholipase A2 activity was accompanied by significant changes of fatty acid composition of the total lipids in the pancreas. This increased relative total content of saturated fatty acids, in particular myristic, palmitic and stearic acid increased, while the total content of polyunsaturated essential fatty acids ω-3 (linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, dokozapentayenoic, docosahexaenoic) decreased. The preparation containing ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids partially normalized the lipid and fatty acids composition as well as prooxidant-antioxidant system.